{"id":2964,"date":"2025-01-22T12:14:43","date_gmt":"2025-01-22T09:14:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/?page_id=2964"},"modified":"2025-01-22T12:14:43","modified_gmt":"2025-01-22T09:14:43","slug":"omer-turker-farabi-okumalari-kitabul-huruf-2","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/omer-turker-farabi-okumalari-kitabul-huruf-2\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00d6mer T\u00fcrker, F\u00e2r\u00e2b\u00ee Okumalar\u0131: Kit\u00e2bu\u2019l-hur\u00fbf 2"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>\u00d6MER T\u00dcRKER, F\u00c2R\u00c2B\u00ce OKUMALARI: K\u0130TABU&#8217;L-HUR\u00dbF 2. SEM\u0130NER \u00d6ZET\u0130<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Bu seminer, F\u00e2r\u00e2b\u00ee\u2019nin <em>Kit\u00e2b\u00fc\u2019l-Hur\u00fbf<\/em> eserindeki ikinci makuller ve metafizik kavramlar \u00fczerine yo\u011funla\u015f\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle birinci ve ikinci makuller aras\u0131ndaki farklar, akl\u0131n soyutlama s\u00fcre\u00e7leri ve metafizi\u011fin do\u011fa bilimleri ile ili\u015fkisinin ele al\u0131nmas\u0131 hedeflenmi\u015ftir. Seminer, hem F\u00e2r\u00e2b\u00ee\u2019nin sistemati\u011fini hem de bu sistemati\u011fin \u0130slam felsefesi ve modern d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce \u00fczerindeki etkilerini tart\u0131\u015f\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Ana Temalar<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Birinci ve \u0130kinci Makuller<\/strong>:<br \/>\nBirinci makuller, d\u0131\u015f d\u00fcnyada fiziksel olarak var olan nesneleri ifade ederken, ikinci makuller akl\u0131n soyutlamalar\u0131 sonucu \u00fcretti\u011fi kavramlard\u0131r. \u0130kinci makuller, d\u0131\u015f d\u00fcnyada do\u011frudan kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 olmayan ama zihinsel s\u00fcre\u00e7ler ve mant\u0131k yoluyla varl\u0131k kazanan kavramlard\u0131r (\u00f6rne\u011fin, cins, t\u00fcr, fas\u0131l gibi).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Descartes Sonras\u0131 S\u00fcre\u00e7 ve Modern Ele\u015ftiriler<\/strong>:<br \/>\nModern d\u00f6nemde, ikinci makullerin bireysel nesnelerden ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olarak ele al\u0131nmas\u0131, \u00f6zellikle Descartes ve sonras\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceyle \u00f6zne merkezli bir yakla\u015f\u0131ma d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. \u0130kinci makuller, nesne ve \u00f6zne ili\u015fkisi ba\u011flam\u0131nda yeniden yorumlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ak\u0131l, Hayal ve Bilgi<\/strong>:<br \/>\nAk\u0131l ve hayal aras\u0131ndaki farklar, zihnin soyutlama s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinde hayalin etkisinin nas\u0131l a\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi vurgulan\u0131r. Ak\u0131l, kavramlar aras\u0131nda ortakl\u0131k ve farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 dikkate alarak yeni anlamlar t\u00fcreten bir mekanizma olarak \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kar.<\/li>\n<li><strong>T\u00fcmeller ve Tikeller<\/strong>:<br \/>\nT\u00fcmellerin bilgisine ula\u015fman\u0131n, tikellerin de bilgisine ula\u015fmak anlam\u0131na geldi\u011fi; bir t\u00fcmel bilindi\u011finde onun alt\u0131ndaki bireysel formlar\u0131n da bilinmi\u015f say\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 savunulur. Bu, metafizik bilginin evrensel do\u011fas\u0131na i\u015faret eder.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Metafizik ve Do\u011fa Bilimleri \u0130li\u015fkisi<\/strong>:<br \/>\nDo\u011fa bilimlerinin inceleme alan\u0131, fiziksel nesnelerin \u00f6zellikleri ile s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 olmay\u0131p, bu nesnelerin metafiziksel ilkelerine ve gayelerine de ula\u015fmay\u0131 ama\u00e7lar. Bu ge\u00e7i\u015f, do\u011fa bilimlerinden metafizi\u011fe do\u011fru bir k\u00f6pr\u00fc olu\u015fturur.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Matematik ve Felsefi Soyutlama<\/strong>:<br \/>\nMatematiksel nesneler, yaln\u0131zca bi\u00e7imsel olarak incelenirken, fiziksel nesneler materyal, fail, suret ve gaye nedenleriyle birlikte ele al\u0131n\u0131r. Bu, do\u011fa bilimlerinin ara\u015ft\u0131rma kapsam\u0131n\u0131n geni\u015fli\u011fini ortaya koyar.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Sonu\u00e7<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Seminer, F\u00e2r\u00e2b\u00ee\u2019nin ak\u0131l, metafizik ve do\u011fa bilimleri aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkiyi nas\u0131l yap\u0131land\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 detayl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde ele al\u0131r. \u0130kinci makuller ve soyutlama s\u00fcre\u00e7leri, insan zihninin bilgiye ula\u015fma yetisinin s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 ve bu bilginin metafizik ba\u011flam\u0131n\u0131 ayd\u0131nlat\u0131r. Seminer, klasik \u0130slam felsefesinin modern d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceyle olan ba\u011flar\u0131n\u0131 anlamak i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli bir perspektif sunar.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>This seminar focuses on F\u00e2r\u00e2b\u00ee\u2019s <em>Kit\u00e2b\u00fc\u2019l-Hur\u00fbf<\/em>, specifically exploring secondary intelligibles and metaphysical concepts. It aims to clarify the distinctions between primary and secondary intelligibles, the processes of abstraction in the intellect, and the relationship between metaphysics and natural sciences. The discussion highlights F\u00e2r\u00e2b\u00ee\u2019s systematic philosophy and its influence on Islamic thought and modern philosophy.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Main Themes<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Primary and Secondary Intelligibles<\/strong>:<br \/>\nPrimary intelligibles refer to objects that exist physically in the external world, while secondary intelligibles are abstracted concepts created by the intellect. Secondary intelligibles, such as genus, species, and differentia, lack a direct counterpart in the external world but gain significance through mental and logical processes.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Post-Cartesian Developments and Modern Critiques<\/strong>:<br \/>\nIn modern philosophy, secondary intelligibles were reinterpreted through a subject-centered approach, particularly after Descartes. This shift emphasized the relationship between subject and object in understanding secondary intelligibles.<\/li>\n<li><strong>The Role of Intellect, Imagination, and Knowledge<\/strong>:<br \/>\nThe distinction between intellect and imagination is emphasized, with the intellect producing meanings through abstraction, while imagination often creates composite and misleading perceptions. The intellect\u2019s ability to discern similarities and differences is central to the production of new concepts.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Universals and Particulars<\/strong>:<br \/>\nThe seminar posits that understanding universals inherently includes knowledge of particulars. By grasping a universal, all individual instances subsumed under it are also comprehended, reflecting the universal nature of metaphysical knowledge.<\/li>\n<li><strong>The Relationship Between Metaphysics and Natural Sciences<\/strong>:<br \/>\nNatural sciences investigate not only the physical properties of objects but also aim to uncover their metaphysical principles and purposes. This transition forms a bridge from natural sciences to metaphysics.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Mathematics and Philosophical Abstraction<\/strong>:<br \/>\nWhile mathematics focuses solely on form, physical objects are studied through material, efficient, formal, and final causes. This distinction highlights the broader scope of natural sciences compared to mathematics.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00a0Conclusion<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The seminar provides an in-depth exploration of F\u00e2r\u00e2b\u00ee\u2019s approach to the interplay of intellect, metaphysics, and natural sciences. The discussions on secondary intelligibles and abstraction processes shed light on the limits and universality of human knowledge. By analyzing these ideas, the seminar bridges classical Islamic philosophy with contemporary philosophical thought, offering valuable insights into their interconnectedness.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00d6MER T\u00dcRKER, F\u00c2R\u00c2B\u00ce OKUMALARI: K\u0130TABU&#8217;L-HUR\u00dbF 2. SEM\u0130NER \u00d6ZET\u0130 Bu seminer, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"100-width.php","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2964","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2964","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2964"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2964\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2965,"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2964\/revisions\/2965"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2964"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}