{"id":3260,"date":"2025-02-02T17:34:05","date_gmt":"2025-02-02T14:34:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/?page_id=3260"},"modified":"2025-02-02T17:52:26","modified_gmt":"2025-02-02T14:52:26","slug":"esref-altas-teftazani-okumalari-serhul-akaid-19","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/esref-altas-teftazani-okumalari-serhul-akaid-19\/","title":{"rendered":"E\u015fref Alta\u015f: \u015eerhu\u2019l-\u0130\u015f\u00e2r\u00e2t Okumalar\u0131 19"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>E\u015eREF ALTA\u015e: \u015eERHU&#8217;L-\u0130\u015e\u00c2R\u00c2T OKUMALARI 19. SEM\u0130NER \u00d6ZET\u0130<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Bu seminer, \u0130bn Sina\u2019n\u0131n yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f, madde, ve imk\u00e2n kavramlar\u0131na dair metafizik yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 Fahreddin Razi\u2019nin ele\u015ftirileri \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde ele al\u0131r. Tart\u0131\u015fmalar, yarat\u0131lan nesnelerin zamansall\u0131\u011f\u0131, madde ile ili\u015fkisi ve Tanr\u0131\u2019n\u0131n \u201ctam illet\u201d kavram\u0131 \u00fczerinden evrenin yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u00fczerindeki rol\u00fcne odaklanmaktad\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca, yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131n s\u00fcrekli mi yoksa zamana dayal\u0131 bir s\u00fcre\u00e7 mi oldu\u011fu konusu detayl\u0131 olarak analiz edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Ana Temalar<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Yarat\u0131lan Her \u015eeyin Maddesi:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0130bn Sina, her yarat\u0131lan \u015feyin (hadis) varolu\u015fundan \u00f6nce bir madde ile \u00f6ncelendi\u011fini savunur. Yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131n, imk\u00e2n kavram\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 oldu\u011fu, bu imk\u00e2n\u0131n ise bir ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131ya ihtiya\u00e7 duydu\u011fu belirtilir.<\/li>\n<li>Fahreddin Razi, imk\u00e2n kavram\u0131n\u0131n s\u00fcb\u00fbt\u00ee bir \u00f6zellik olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla bir ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131ya gerek duymad\u0131\u011f\u0131 fikriyle bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fe itiraz eder.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Tam \u0130llet ve Tesir:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0130bn Sina\u2019ya g\u00f6re, tam illet t\u00fcm gerekli \u015fartlar\u0131 sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, sonu\u00e7 (ma\u2018l\u00fbl) zorunlu olarak meydana gelir.<\/li>\n<li>Razi, bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc ele\u015ftirerek, \u201ctam illetin\u201d ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131nda zaman, madde, ve alet gibi d\u0131\u015fsal \u015fartlar\u0131n gereklili\u011fini sorgular. Ayr\u0131ca, illetteki zorunlulu\u011fun eylemin tesad\u00fcfe dayanmas\u0131n\u0131 engelleyip engellemedi\u011fi tart\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Zati ve Zamansal Hudus:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0130bn Sina, yarat\u0131lan her \u015feyin ya zamansal ya da zati hudusa sahip oldu\u011funu ifade eder. Zati hudusta, bir nesnenin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131, nedenine olan mutlak ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile tan\u0131mlan\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li>Razi, zamansal hudusun bir \u00f6nce-sonra ili\u015fkisi gerektirdi\u011fini savunarak, \u0130bn Sina\u2019n\u0131n zati hudus yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131na ele\u015ftiriler getirir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Madde ve Zamans\u0131z Yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0130bn Sina, \u201cibda\u201d kavram\u0131n\u0131 kullanarak yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131n maddesiz, zamans\u0131z, ve arac\u0131s\u0131z ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fini \u00f6ne s\u00fcrer.<\/li>\n<li>Razi, bu yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f modelinin Tanr\u0131\u2019n\u0131n tam illet olmas\u0131n\u0131 tehlikeye atabilecek zay\u0131f noktalar ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 iddia eder.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Felsefi ve Kelami Yakla\u015f\u0131mlar:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0130bn Sina\u2019n\u0131n sud\u00fbr teorisi, yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131n zorunluluk \u00fczerine kurulu oldu\u011funu savunurken; Razi, bu yakla\u015f\u0131ma teolojik ve kelami ele\u015ftiriler sunar. Razi\u2019nin g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fleri, yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u00f6zg\u00fcr iradeye dayal\u0131 bir s\u00fcre\u00e7 olarak a\u00e7\u0131klar.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Sonu\u00e7<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Bu seminer, \u0130bn Sina\u2019n\u0131n yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f teorisini ve maddeye dair arg\u00fcmanlar\u0131n\u0131 Fahreddin Razi\u2019nin ele\u015ftirileri ba\u011flam\u0131nda de\u011ferlendirir. Tart\u0131\u015fmalar, \u0130bn Sina\u2019n\u0131n sud\u00fbr teorisinin metafiziksel b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc ve Razi\u2019nin bu teoriyi sorgulayan ele\u015ftirilerinin etkisini detayl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde inceler. Sonu\u00e7 olarak, \u0130bn Sina\u2019n\u0131n \u201ctam illet\u201d kavram\u0131 ile evrenin yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u00fczerine geli\u015ftirdi\u011fi teoriler, Razi\u2019nin itirazlar\u0131 ile yeniden yorumlan\u0131r ve \u0130slam felsefesindeki yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesine yeni boyutlar kazand\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>This seminar examines Ibn Sina\u2019s metaphysical perspectives on creation, matter, and potentiality within the framework of Fahreddin Razi\u2019s critiques. The discussions focus on the temporality of created entities, their relationship to matter, and the role of God as the <em>complete cause<\/em> (<em>tam illat<\/em>) in the creation of the universe. The seminar also explores whether creation is a continuous or temporally bound process.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Key Themes<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Matter in All Created Things:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Ibn Sina argues that every created thing (<em>hadith<\/em>) is preceded by matter, emphasizing that creation relies on potentiality (<em>imkan<\/em>), which necessitates a substrate.<\/li>\n<li>Fahreddin Razi rejects this view, asserting that <em>imkan<\/em> is not a substantive quality and therefore does not require a substrate.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>The Complete Cause and Its Influence:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>According to Ibn Sina, when the complete cause is fulfilled, the effect (<em>ma\u2018lul<\/em>) necessarily occurs.<\/li>\n<li>Razi critiques this perspective, questioning the necessity of external conditions like time, matter, and instruments for the operation of the complete cause. He also debates whether the necessity inherent in the cause undermines the possibility of contingency.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Essential vs. Temporal Creation (<em>Huduth<\/em>):<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Ibn Sina distinguishes between temporal and essential creation. In essential creation, a being\u2019s existence is entirely dependent on its cause.<\/li>\n<li>Razi challenges this by arguing that temporal creation implies a before-and-after relationship, which Ibn Sina\u2019s essential creation model does not fully address.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Matter and Timeless Creation:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Ibn Sina employs the concept of <em>ibda<\/em> to describe creation as occurring without matter, time, or intermediaries.<\/li>\n<li>Razi counters this model, suggesting that such a notion of creation may compromise the role of God as the complete cause.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Philosophical vs. Theological Approaches:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Ibn Sina\u2019s emanation (<em>sudur<\/em>) theory frames creation as a process rooted in necessity, while Razi offers theological and kalam-based critiques. Razi\u2019s view emphasizes creation as a process governed by divine will and freedom.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Conclusion<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>This seminar critically evaluates Ibn Sina\u2019s theories on creation and matter in light of Fahreddin Razi\u2019s critiques. It highlights the metaphysical coherence of Ibn Sina\u2019s <em>sudur<\/em> theory and the challenges posed by Razi\u2019s objections. Ultimately, the seminar provides new insights into the interplay between metaphysical necessity and divine freedom, enriching the discourse on creation in Islamic philosophy.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>E\u015eREF ALTA\u015e: \u015eERHU&#8217;L-\u0130\u015e\u00c2R\u00c2T OKUMALARI 19. SEM\u0130NER \u00d6ZET\u0130 Bu seminer, \u0130bn [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"100-width.php","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-3260","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3260","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3260"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3260\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3292,"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3260\/revisions\/3292"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3260"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}