{"id":3262,"date":"2025-02-02T17:35:03","date_gmt":"2025-02-02T14:35:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/?page_id=3262"},"modified":"2025-02-02T17:53:11","modified_gmt":"2025-02-02T14:53:11","slug":"esref-altas-teftazani-okumalari-serhul-akaid-20","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/esref-altas-teftazani-okumalari-serhul-akaid-20\/","title":{"rendered":"E\u015fref Alta\u015f: \u015eerhu\u2019l-\u0130\u015f\u00e2r\u00e2t Okumalar\u0131 20"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>E\u015eREF ALTA\u015e: \u015eERHU&#8217;L-\u0130\u015e\u00c2R\u00c2T OKUMALARI 20. SEM\u0130NER \u00d6ZET\u0130<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Bu seminer, \u0130bn Sina\u2019n\u0131n <em>el-\u0130\u015f\u00e2r\u00e2t ve\u2019t-Temb\u00eeh\u00e2t<\/em> adl\u0131 eserindeki temel metafizik ilkelerin Fahreddin Razi\u2019nin \u015ferh ve ele\u015ftirileri ba\u011flam\u0131nda incelenmesini ele al\u0131r. Tart\u0131\u015fmalar, \u00f6zellikle yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f, madde, zaman, ve zorunlu varl\u0131k kavramlar\u0131 etraf\u0131nda \u015fekillenmi\u015ftir. \u0130bn Sina\u2019n\u0131n \u201cbirden bir \u00e7\u0131kar\u201d ilkesi, neden-sonu\u00e7 ili\u015fkisi ve zorunlu varl\u0131k d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesiyle ilgili yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 detayland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131rken, Razi\u2019nin bu arg\u00fcmanlara y\u00f6neltti\u011fi ele\u015ftiriler ve alternatif g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fler tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Ana Temalar<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>&#8220;Birden Bir \u00c7\u0131kar&#8221; \u0130lkesi:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0130bn Sina, metafizik ve fizik d\u00fczlemde, mutlak bir basitlik ve birlikten yaln\u0131zca bir \u015feyin t\u00fcreyebilece\u011fini savunur. Bu ilke, varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n sudur teorisinin temel ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li>Fahreddin Razi, bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc ele\u015ftirerek, mutlak bir basitlikten farkl\u0131 y\u00f6nlerde \u00e7\u0131kan nedenlerin \u00e7eli\u015fkili oldu\u011funu ve \u0130bn Sina\u2019n\u0131n bu ilkeyi yeterince temellendiremedi\u011fini iddia eder.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Tam \u0130llet ve Ma\u2018lul:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0130bn Sina\u2019ya g\u00f6re, tam illet mevcut oldu\u011funda sonu\u00e7 (<em>ma\u2018lul<\/em>) zorunlu olarak ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar. Bu, evrendeki varolu\u015f d\u00fczeninin zorunluluk ilkesine dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterir.<\/li>\n<li>Razi, tam illetin zorunlu olarak bir sonu\u00e7 do\u011furmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi fikrine kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kar ve bu durumun mutlak bir nedenselli\u011fe dayanmas\u0131n\u0131n mant\u0131ksal zay\u0131fl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 vurgular.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131n Zorunlulu\u011fu ve K\u0131dem:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0130bn Sina, yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131n ezeli bir s\u00fcre\u00e7 oldu\u011funu ve Tanr\u0131\u2019n\u0131n yarat\u0131c\u0131 iradesinde hi\u00e7bir de\u011fi\u015fim olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 savunur.<\/li>\n<li>Razi, yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131n ezelili\u011fine kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karak, bunun Tanr\u0131\u2019n\u0131n iradesinde de\u011fi\u015fim olmadan a\u00e7\u0131klanamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn kelami bir temele ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011funu ileri s\u00fcrer.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Hudus ve Zorunlu Varl\u0131k:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0130bn Sina, zorunlu varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n t\u00fcm y\u00f6nlerden m\u00fckemmel ve de\u011fi\u015fmez oldu\u011funu, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla hudusun (<em>sonradan yarat\u0131lm\u0131\u015fl\u0131k<\/em>) Tanr\u0131\u2019ya atfedilemeyece\u011fini belirtir.<\/li>\n<li>Razi, bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc sorgulayarak, Tanr\u0131\u2019n\u0131n m\u00fckemmelli\u011fi ile yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131n zamansall\u0131\u011f\u0131 aras\u0131nda bir denge kurulmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini savunur.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Metafizik Tart\u0131\u015fmalarda Dil ve Kavram Kullan\u0131m\u0131:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Metin, \u0130slam felsefesinde kullan\u0131lan terimlerin anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131ndaki zorluklara ve \u0130bn Sina\u2019n\u0131n ifadelerinin modern okumalarda nas\u0131l yorumlanmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fine de de\u011finmektedir.<\/li>\n<li>Razi, dilin anlam kaymalar\u0131na dikkat \u00e7ekerek, \u0130bn Sina\u2019n\u0131n metafizik kavramlar\u0131n\u0131n pratik ba\u011flamlar\u0131n\u0131 tart\u0131\u015f\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Sonu\u00e7<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Seminer, \u0130bn Sina\u2019n\u0131n metafizik teorilerinin temel ilkelerini analiz ederken, Fahreddin Razi\u2019nin ele\u015ftirileri \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda bu teorilerin tutarl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve uygulanabilirli\u011fini tart\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u201cBirden bir \u00e7\u0131kar\u201d ilkesi, yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131n ezelili\u011fi ve zorunlu varl\u0131k d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesi gibi kavramlar, \u0130slam d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce tarihinde kal\u0131c\u0131 etkiler b\u0131rakm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Razi\u2019nin ele\u015ftirileri, \u0130bn Sina\u2019n\u0131n metafizik sistemine y\u00f6nelik ele\u015ftirel bir bak\u0131\u015f sunmakla kalmaz, ayn\u0131 zamanda daha geni\u015f teolojik tart\u0131\u015fmalara kap\u0131 aralar.<\/p>\n<p>This seminar examines the core metaphysical principles presented in Ibn Sina\u2019s <em>al-Isharat wa\u2019l-Tanbihat<\/em> within the context of Fahreddin Razi\u2019s commentaries and critiques. The discussions center on key concepts such as creation, matter, time, and the necessary existence. Ibn Sina\u2019s principle of \u201cfrom one, only one proceeds,\u201d the cause-effect relationship, and his views on the necessary being are explored in detail, alongside Razi\u2019s critical assessments and alternative approaches.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Key Themes<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>The Principle of \u201cFrom One, Only One Proceeds\u201d:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Ibn Sina posits that in both metaphysical and physical realms, only one can emanate from an absolute unity and simplicity. This principle underpins his theory of emanation (<em>sudur<\/em>).<\/li>\n<li>Fahreddin Razi critiques this view, arguing that the notion of multiple effects arising from a single, undivided source creates logical inconsistencies. He also claims that Ibn Sina fails to adequately justify this principle.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>The Complete Cause and Its Effect:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>According to Ibn Sina, when the complete cause is present, the effect (<em>ma\u2018lul<\/em>) necessarily follows. This reflects the necessity underlying the order of existence.<\/li>\n<li>Razi challenges the idea that the complete cause must always produce an effect, highlighting the logical weaknesses in the principle of absolute causation.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>The Necessity and Eternity of Creation:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Ibn Sina maintains that creation is an eternal process, with no change in God\u2019s creative will over time.<\/li>\n<li>Razi opposes the eternality of creation, asserting that such a notion contradicts theological principles of divine will and change.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Creation (<em>Huduth<\/em>) and the Necessary Being:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Ibn Sina describes the necessary being as perfect and unchanging, emphasizing that <em>huduth<\/em> (temporal creation) cannot be attributed to God.<\/li>\n<li>Razi critiques this view, suggesting that a balance must be established between God\u2019s perfection and the temporality of creation.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Language and Conceptual Challenges in Metaphysics:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>The text also addresses the difficulty of interpreting philosophical terminology in Islamic metaphysics and the modern relevance of Ibn Sina\u2019s expressions.<\/li>\n<li>Razi highlights ambiguities in the language used by Ibn Sina, questioning the practical implications of his metaphysical concepts.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Conclusion<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>This seminar offers a critical analysis of Ibn Sina\u2019s metaphysical theories, focusing on foundational principles like the \u201cfrom one, only one proceeds\u201d axiom, the eternality of creation, and the concept of the necessary being. Fahreddin Razi\u2019s critiques provide a counterbalance, questioning the coherence and applicability of these theories. These debates not only illuminate key aspects of Islamic metaphysics but also open pathways for broader theological and philosophical discussions.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>E\u015eREF ALTA\u015e: \u015eERHU&#8217;L-\u0130\u015e\u00c2R\u00c2T OKUMALARI 20. SEM\u0130NER \u00d6ZET\u0130 Bu seminer, \u0130bn [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"100-width.php","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-3262","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3262","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3262"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3262\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3294,"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3262\/revisions\/3294"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3262"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}