{"id":3459,"date":"2025-02-27T20:56:21","date_gmt":"2025-02-27T17:56:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/?page_id=3459"},"modified":"2025-02-27T20:56:21","modified_gmt":"2025-02-27T17:56:21","slug":"abdurrahim-kozali-fikih-usulune-giris-8","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/abdurrahim-kozali-fikih-usulune-giris-8\/","title":{"rendered":"Abdurrahim Kozal\u0131: F\u0131k\u0131h Usul\u00fcne Giri\u015f 8"},"content":{"rendered":"

ABDURRAH\u0130M KOZALI: FIKIH USUL\u00dcNE G\u0130R\u0130\u015e 8.SEM\u0130NER \u00d6ZET\u0130<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bu seminer, \u0130mam \u015e\u00e2fi\u00ee’nin Risale<\/em> adl\u0131 eseri temel al\u0131narak, f\u0131k\u0131h usul\u00fc ve beyan teorisi \u00fczerine odaklanmaktad\u0131r. Kur’an-\u0131 Kerim’in anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 meselesi, kelam\u00ee ve f\u0131kh\u00ee ba\u011flamda ele al\u0131nmakta ve \u00f6zellikle \u015e\u00e2fi\u00ee\u2019nin ortaya koydu\u011fu beyan teorisi \u00fczerinden tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Seminerde, Kur’an’\u0131n yap\u0131s\u0131, m\u00fccmel ifadelerin a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131 gereklili\u011fi ve naslar\u0131n anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131nda usul geli\u015ftirmenin \u00f6nemi vurgulanmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Ana Temalar ve Ba\u015fl\u0131klar<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Kur’an-\u0131 Kerim\u2019in Yap\u0131s\u0131 ve M\u00fccmel Olmas\u0131<\/strong>
    \nKur’an’\u0131n vahiy \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc olmas\u0131, laf\u0131z ve anlam b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc i\u00e7ermesi ve yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fccmel (kapal\u0131 ve genel) olmas\u0131 tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. M\u00fccmel ifadeler, yorum gerektiren ifadeler olup, bu ifadelerin nas\u0131l a\u00e7\u0131klanaca\u011f\u0131 meselesi \u0130slam hukuku a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nemli bir konu olarak ele al\u0131nmaktad\u0131r.<\/li>\n
  2. \u015e\u00e2fi\u00ee\u2019nin Beyan Teorisi<\/strong>
    \n\u0130mam \u015e\u00e2fi\u00ee, Kur’an\u2019\u0131n m\u00fccmel yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamak i\u00e7in beyan teorisini geli\u015ftirmi\u015ftir. Bu teori, Kur’an ve s\u00fcnnetin birlikte ele al\u0131narak naslar\u0131n sahih anlam\u0131na ula\u015fmay\u0131 ama\u00e7lamaktad\u0131r. \u015e\u00e2fi\u00ee\u2019ye g\u00f6re Kur’an, s\u00fcnnet ve k\u0131yas gibi kaynaklarla birlikte anla\u015f\u0131lmal\u0131 ve yorumlanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n
  3. \u0130slam Hukukunda Beyan ve Yorum Y\u00f6ntemleri<\/strong>
    \n\u015e\u00e2fi\u00ee, f\u0131kh\u00ee h\u00fck\u00fcmlerin t\u00fcretilmesi s\u00fcrecinde beyan kavram\u0131n\u0131 esas alm\u0131\u015f ve d\u00f6rt temel delil belirlemi\u015ftir: Kur’an, s\u00fcnnet, icma ve k\u0131yas. Ona g\u00f6re, bir konuda h\u00fck\u00fcm bulunmuyorsa k\u0131yas y\u00f6ntemiyle \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm bulunmal\u0131d\u0131r. Hanefilerin istihsan y\u00f6ntemine kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kan \u015e\u00e2fi\u00ee, k\u0131yas d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki yorumlar\u0131 kabul etmemektedir.<\/li>\n
  4. Hanefiler ve \u015e\u00e2fi\u00ee Aras\u0131ndaki Farkl\u0131l\u0131klar<\/strong>
    \nHanefi fakihler, istihsan y\u00f6ntemini kullanarak naslara dayal\u0131 olmayan i\u00e7tihad\u00ee h\u00fck\u00fcmler geli\u015ftirmi\u015ftir. \u015e\u00e2fi\u00ee ise bu y\u00f6ntemi subjektif ve keyfi bir uygulama olarak de\u011ferlendirerek reddetmi\u015ftir. Ona g\u00f6re, \u015fer\u2018\u00ee h\u00fck\u00fcmler yaln\u0131zca Kur’an, s\u00fcnnet ve k\u0131yas yoluyla belirlenmelidir.<\/li>\n
  5. Ehl-i Hadis ve Ehl-i Rey Ayr\u0131m\u0131<\/strong>
    \nErken d\u00f6nem \u0130slam hukuk\u00e7ular\u0131 aras\u0131nda ehl-i hadis ve ehl-i rey \u015feklinde iki farkl\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131m ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ehl-i hadis, hadislerin ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na vurgu yaparken, ehl-i rey ak\u0131lc\u0131 yorumlar\u0131 savunmu\u015ftur. \u015e\u00e2fi\u00ee, ehl-i hadis ekol\u00fcne yak\u0131n olmakla birlikte, geli\u015ftirdi\u011fi y\u00f6ntemle ehl-i hadis ile ehl-i rey aras\u0131nda bir denge kurmu\u015ftur.<\/li>\n
  6. Kur’an\u2019\u0131n A\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131 ve \u0130\u00e7tihat<\/strong>
    \nKur’an\u2019daki baz\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcmler a\u00e7\u0131klamaya muhta\u00e7t\u0131r ve bu a\u00e7\u0131klamalar s\u00fcnnet veya i\u00e7tihat yoluyla yap\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. \u015e\u00e2fi\u00ee\u2019ye g\u00f6re i\u00e7tihat, yaln\u0131zca k\u0131yas y\u00f6ntemi ile m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmal\u0131 ve naslara ba\u011fl\u0131 kal\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r. \u015e\u00e2fi\u00ee, Kur’an\u2019daki h\u00fck\u00fcmlerin do\u011frudan veya dolayl\u0131 olarak her konuyu kapsad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 savunmaktad\u0131r.<\/li>\n
  7. Cassas\u2019\u0131n Ele\u015ftirileri<\/strong>
    \nHanefi fakihlerinden Cassas, \u015e\u00e2fi\u00ee\u2019nin beyan teorisini ele\u015ftirerek, tan\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n yetersiz oldu\u011funu ve k\u0131yas\u0131n mutlak bir y\u00f6ntem olamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 savunmu\u015ftur. Cassas, istihsan ve ak\u0131l y\u00fcr\u00fctmenin de hukuki norm \u00fcretmede etkili olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini belirtmi\u015f ve \u015e\u00e2fi\u00ee\u2019nin metodolojisini fazla kat\u0131 bulmu\u015ftur.<\/li>\n
  8. Beyan T\u00fcrleri ve Kur’an-S\u00fcnnet \u0130li\u015fkisi<\/strong>
    \n\u015e\u00e2fi\u00ee\u2019ye g\u00f6re beyan d\u00f6rt temel \u015fekilde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar:<\/p>\n
      \n
    • Kur’an’da do\u011frudan a\u00e7\u0131k h\u00fck\u00fcmler<\/li>\n
    • Kur’an\u2019\u0131n m\u00fccmel ifadelerinin s\u00fcnnet ile a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131<\/li>\n
    • Kur’an\u2019da yer almayan konular\u0131n s\u00fcnnet ile belirlenmesi<\/li>\n
    • \u0130\u00e7tihat yoluyla yeni h\u00fck\u00fcmlerin k\u0131yasla belirlenmesi<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      Sonu\u00e7<\/strong><\/p>\n

      Bu seminerde, f\u0131k\u0131h usul\u00fcnde beyan kavram\u0131, Kur’an’\u0131n anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131nda kullan\u0131lan y\u00f6ntemler ve \u015e\u00e2fi\u00ee\u2019nin geli\u015ftirdi\u011fi teorik \u00e7er\u00e7eve ele al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u015e\u00e2fi\u00ee\u2019nin beyan teorisi, Kur’an ve s\u00fcnnet aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkiyi sistematik hale getirmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken, Hanefi gelene\u011finin istihsan y\u00f6ntemine kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r. Son olarak, Cassas\u2019\u0131n ele\u015ftirileri \u00fczerinden \u0130slam hukukunda farkl\u0131 yorum geleneklerinin nas\u0131l \u015fekillendi\u011fi tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

       <\/p>\n

      This seminar focuses on Ris\u0101lah<\/em>, the work of Im\u0101m al-Sh\u0101fi\u02bf\u012b, discussing the theory of legal hermeneutics (bay\u0101n) in Islamic jurisprudence. It examines the comprehensibility of the Quran from theological and legal perspectives, particularly through Sh\u0101fi\u02bf\u012b\u2019s bay\u0101n theory. The seminar highlights the structure of the Quran, the necessity of interpreting ambiguous (mujmal<\/em>) statements, and the importance of developing a methodology for understanding legal texts.<\/p>\n

      Main Themes and Topics<\/strong><\/p>\n

        \n
      1. The Structure of the Quran and Its Ambiguity<\/strong>
        \nThe Quran is analyzed as a divine revelation containing both explicit and ambiguous passages. Ambiguous (mujmal<\/em>) statements require interpretation, and determining the correct method for interpreting these expressions is a key issue in Islamic legal theory.<\/li>\n
      2. Sh\u0101fi\u02bf\u012b\u2019s Theory of Bay\u0101n<\/strong>
        \nTo clarify the ambiguous nature of the Quran, Im\u0101m al-Sh\u0101fi\u02bf\u012b developed the theory of bay\u0101n, which aims to establish the correct interpretation of legal texts by considering the Quran, hadith, and analogical reasoning (qiy\u0101s<\/em>). According to Sh\u0101fi\u02bf\u012b, Islamic legal rulings should be derived through a structured methodology that relies on scriptural sources.<\/li>\n
      3. Methods of Interpretation in Islamic Jurisprudence<\/strong>
        \nSh\u0101fi\u02bf\u012b emphasizes the role of bay\u0101n in deducing legal rulings and identifies four primary sources of Islamic law: the Quran, the Sunnah, consensus (ijm\u0101\u02bf<\/em>), and analogical reasoning (qiy\u0101s<\/em>). He argues that when no direct textual ruling is available, legal decisions should be made through analogy rather than discretionary reasoning.<\/li>\n
      4. Differences Between \u1e24anaf\u012bs and Sh\u0101fi\u02bf\u012bs<\/strong>
        \n\u1e24anaf\u012b jurists utilize istihs\u0101n (juridical preference) as a method of reasoning that allows for flexibility beyond strict textual interpretation. However, Sh\u0101fi\u02bf\u012b criticizes istihs\u0101n, considering it an arbitrary and subjective approach. He asserts that legal rulings must be derived solely from scriptural evidence and analogical reasoning.<\/li>\n
      5. The Hadith-Oriented and Rationalist Approaches<\/strong>
        \nEarly Islamic legal scholars were divided into Ahl al-\u1e24ad\u012bth (traditionalists) and Ahl al-Ra\u02bey (rationalists). While Ahl al-\u1e24ad\u012bth emphasized the authority of hadith, Ahl al-Ra\u02bey advocated for greater reliance on reason in legal rulings. Sh\u0101fi\u02bf\u012b\u2019s methodology sought to bridge these two perspectives by incorporating both textual evidence and structured reasoning.<\/li>\n
      6. The Explanation of the Quran and Legal Reasoning<\/strong>
        \nSome Quranic rulings require further clarification through the Sunnah or juristic reasoning. Sh\u0101fi\u02bf\u012b maintains that only analogical reasoning (qiy\u0101s<\/em>) should be used in legal interpretation and that all legal matters are either explicitly or implicitly addressed in the Quran.<\/li>\n
      7. Cass\u0101s\u2019s Criticism of Sh\u0101fi\u02bf\u012b<\/strong>
        \nThe \u1e24anaf\u012b scholar Cass\u0101s critiques Sh\u0101fi\u02bf\u012b\u2019s bay\u0101n theory, arguing that his definitions are insufficient and that qiy\u0101s alone cannot be the sole method of legal deduction. Cass\u0101s contends that istihs\u0101n and rational deliberation should also play a role in the formulation of legal rulings.<\/li>\n
      8. Types of Bay\u0101n and the Quran-Sunnah Relationship<\/strong>
        \nSh\u0101fi\u02bf\u012b categorizes bay\u0101n into four primary types:<\/p>\n
          \n
        • Explicit rulings in the Quran<\/li>\n
        • Ambiguous Quranic statements clarified by the Sunnah<\/li>\n
        • Legal rulings derived from the Sunnah in the absence of Quranic references<\/li>\n
        • New legal judgments formulated through qiy\u0101s<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          Conclusion<\/strong><\/p>\n

          This seminar examines the role of bay\u0101n in Islamic jurisprudence, the methodologies used to interpret the Quran, and the theoretical framework developed by Sh\u0101fi\u02bf\u012b. His bay\u0101n theory seeks to formalize the relationship between the Quran and the Sunnah while rejecting the discretionary methods preferred by the \u1e24anaf\u012b school. Finally, through Cass\u0101s\u2019s critiques, the seminar explores how different interpretive traditions have shaped Islamic legal thought.<\/p>\n

           <\/p>\n

           <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

          ABDURRAH\u0130M KOZALI: FIKIH USUL\u00dcNE G\u0130R\u0130\u015e 8.SEM\u0130NER \u00d6ZET\u0130 Bu seminer, \u0130mam […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"100-width.php","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-3459","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3459","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3459"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3459\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3460,"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3459\/revisions\/3460"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3459"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}