{"id":3465,"date":"2025-02-27T20:58:57","date_gmt":"2025-02-27T17:58:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/?page_id=3465"},"modified":"2025-02-27T20:58:57","modified_gmt":"2025-02-27T17:58:57","slug":"abdurrahim-kozali-fikih-usulune-giris-11","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/abdurrahim-kozali-fikih-usulune-giris-11\/","title":{"rendered":"Abdurrahim Kozal\u0131: F\u0131k\u0131h Usul\u00fcne Giri\u015f 11"},"content":{"rendered":"

ABDURRAH\u0130M KOZALI: FIKIH USUL\u00dcNE G\u0130R\u0130\u015e 11.SEM\u0130NER \u00d6ZET\u0130<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bu seminerde nesih kavram\u0131 ele al\u0131nmaktad\u0131r. Kur\u2019an ve s\u00fcnnet aras\u0131nda nesih olgusunun nas\u0131l i\u015fledi\u011fi, \u015eafii ve Hanefi usul\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan nas\u0131l de\u011ferlendirildi\u011fi tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Nesih, bir nas ile sabit olan h\u00fckm\u00fcn, daha sonra gelen bir nas taraf\u0131ndan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelir. Seminerde \u00f6zellikle nesih teorisinin epistemolojik ve mant\u0131ksal temelleri, \u00e7eli\u015fkili gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnen naslar aras\u0131ndaki dengeyi sa\u011flama mekanizmas\u0131 olarak nesih uygulamas\u0131 ve \u0130mam \u015eafii\u2019nin bu konudaki g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fleri ele al\u0131nmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Ana Temalar ve Ba\u015fl\u0131klar<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Nesih Kavram\u0131 ve Temel Tan\u0131m\u0131<\/strong>
    \nNesih, \u00f6nceden var olan bir h\u00fckm\u00fcn ba\u015fka bir h\u00fck\u00fcmle de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesi anlam\u0131na gelir. Hanefi ve \u015eafii geleneklerinde nesih farkl\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131lardan ele al\u0131nmaktad\u0131r. Hanefi usul\u00fcnde nesih, beyan t\u00fcrlerinden biri olarak kabul edilirken, \u015eafii usul\u00fcnde nesih kesin bir h\u00fckm\u00fcn ilahi irade ile de\u011fi\u015fmesi olarak de\u011ferlendirilir.<\/li>\n
  2. Beyan Teorisi ve Nesih<\/strong>
    \nBeyan teorisi, naslar\u0131n anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in geli\u015ftirilen temel bir y\u00f6ntemdir. \u0130mam \u015eafii\u2019nin beyan teorisi, naslar\u0131n ba\u011flam\u0131n\u0131 belirleyerek hangi h\u00fck\u00fcmlerin ge\u00e7erli olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klama amac\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131r. Hanefi gelene\u011finde ise beyan, nesihle do\u011frudan ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 bir kavramd\u0131r ve bir h\u00fckm\u00fcn a\u00e7\u0131k hale getirilmesi s\u00fcrecinde nesih de \u00f6nemli bir yer tutar.<\/li>\n
  3. Naslar Aras\u0131ndaki \u00c7eli\u015fki ve Nesih Uygulamas\u0131<\/strong>
    \nNesih kavram\u0131n\u0131n temelinde, naslar aras\u0131nda \u00e7eli\u015fki olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 meselesi yer al\u0131r. E\u011fer iki nas aras\u0131nda ger\u00e7ek bir \u00e7eli\u015fki varsa ve bu \u00e7eli\u015fki kronolojik olarak \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclemiyorsa, nesih devreye girer. Ancak \u00e7eli\u015fkinin sadece zahiri olmas\u0131 durumunda tevil veya tahsis yoluyla h\u00fck\u00fcm a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011fa kavu\u015fturulabilir.<\/li>\n
  4. Hanefi ve \u015eafii Mezheplerinin Nesih Yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131<\/strong>
    \nHanefilere g\u00f6re kitap s\u00fcnneti neshedebilir ve s\u00fcnnet de kitab\u0131 neshedebilir. Bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f, vahyin iki kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131n da Allah taraf\u0131ndan belirlenmi\u015f olmas\u0131 prensibine dayan\u0131r. Buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k, \u0130mam \u015eafii, sadece kitap kitab\u0131, s\u00fcnnet de s\u00fcnneti neshedebilir g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcndedir. Bu durum, nesih meselesinin mezhepler aras\u0131nda farkl\u0131 yorumlanmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7maktad\u0131r.<\/li>\n
  5. Mant\u0131k, \u00c7eli\u015fki ve Nesih \u0130li\u015fkisi<\/strong>
    \nMant\u0131k a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00e7eli\u015fkiyi ortadan kald\u0131rma mekanizmas\u0131 olarak nesih, \u0130slam hukukunda kritik bir role sahiptir. E\u011fer bir h\u00fck\u00fcm neshedilmi\u015fse, bu durum \u00e7eli\u015fkiyi ortadan kald\u0131rarak yeni h\u00fckm\u00fcn uygulanmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar. Kur\u2019an\u2019da yer alan \u015farap yasa\u011f\u0131, bu t\u00fcr bir nesih \u00f6rne\u011fi olarak ele al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li>\n
  6. Kur\u2019an ve S\u00fcnnette Nesih \u00d6rnekleri<\/strong>
    \nSeminerde nesih kavram\u0131n\u0131 anlamak i\u00e7in Kur\u2019an ve s\u00fcnnetten \u00e7e\u015fitli \u00f6rnekler ele al\u0131nmaktad\u0131r. \u015earap yasa\u011f\u0131, k\u0131blenin de\u011fi\u015fmesi ve sava\u015f hukukundaki d\u00fczenlemeler nesih uygulamas\u0131na dair en belirgin \u00f6rneklerdir.<\/li>\n
  7. Gazali\u2019nin Nesih Konusundaki G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fleri<\/strong>
    \n\u0130mam Gazali, nesih i\u015fleminin sadece teorik bir mesele olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, pratikte de ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015f oldu\u011funu savunur. Ona g\u00f6re, kitap ve s\u00fcnnetin mahiyet birli\u011fi, neshi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn k\u0131lan en \u00f6nemli unsurdur. Bu nedenle, Gazali, \u0130mam \u015eafii\u2019nin nesih konusundaki kat\u0131 tutumunu ele\u015ftirerek, kitap ve s\u00fcnnet aras\u0131nda nesih olabilece\u011fini savunmaktad\u0131r.<\/li>\n
  8. Nesih Meselesinde Kelami Boyutlar ve Ele\u015ftiriler<\/strong>
    \nNesih kavram\u0131, kelam\u00ee a\u00e7\u0131dan da tart\u0131\u015fmal\u0131 bir konudur. Neshi ele\u015ftiren baz\u0131 kelamc\u0131lar, Allah\u2019\u0131n h\u00fckm\u00fcn\u00fc de\u011fi\u015ftirmesinin m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 sorgulam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Ancak, Gazali gibi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrler, Allah\u2019\u0131n nesih uygulamas\u0131n\u0131 bir l\u00fctuf olarak ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi\u011fini ve bunun insanlar\u0131n maslahat\u0131na uygun oldu\u011funu savunmu\u015flard\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Sonu\u00e7<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Bu seminerde, nesih kavram\u0131, naslar aras\u0131ndaki \u00e7eli\u015fkileri \u00e7\u00f6zme y\u00f6ntemi olarak de\u011ferlendirilmi\u015f ve \u015eafii ile Hanefi gelenekleri aras\u0131ndaki farklar detayland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Nesih, hem teorik hem de pratik bir konu olarak \u0130slam hukukunda \u00f6nemli bir yere sahiptir. \u0130mam \u015eafii\u2019nin nesih teorisi, sadece Kur\u2019an\u2019\u0131n Kur\u2019an\u2019\u0131, s\u00fcnnetin ise s\u00fcnneti neshedece\u011fi y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyle ele al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f, Gazali gibi \u00e2limlerin buna y\u00f6nelik ele\u015ftirileri aktar\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Sonu\u00e7 olarak, nesih kavram\u0131n\u0131n \u0130slam hukuku i\u00e7erisindeki yeri ve \u00f6nemi kapsaml\u0131 bir \u015fekilde ele al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    This seminar explores the concept of abrogation (naskh) in Islamic jurisprudence, examining how abrogation functions between the Quran and Sunnah, and how it is interpreted in the Shafi’i and Hanafi schools of thought. Naskh refers to the replacement of a previously established ruling by a later revelation. The seminar focuses on the epistemological and logical foundations of abrogation, its role in reconciling seemingly contradictory texts, and Imam al-Shafi’i\u2019s views on the subject.<\/p>\n

    Main Themes and Topics<\/strong><\/p>\n

      \n
    1. Definition and Fundamentals of Naskh<\/strong>
      \nAbrogation involves the replacement of a previous ruling with a new one. The Hanafi and Shafi’i schools view naskh differently. In the Hanafi tradition, it is considered a form of clarification (bay\u0101n), whereas in the Shafi’i school, naskh is regarded as the divine repeal of a definitive ruling.<\/li>\n
    2. The Theory of Bay\u0101n and Naskh<\/strong>
      \nThe theory of bay\u0101n (explanation) is a key interpretative tool in Islamic legal thought. Imam al-Shafi’i\u2019s theory of bay\u0101n seeks to define the scope of legal texts and determine which rulings remain valid. In the Hanafi tradition, bay\u0101n and naskh are closely linked, as both aim to clarify the applicability of rulings.<\/li>\n
    3. Contradictory Texts and the Application of Naskh<\/strong>
      \nA central issue in abrogation is whether there is an actual contradiction between two texts. If a clear, chronological contradiction exists, abrogation is applied. However, if the contradiction is only apparent, the ruling can be clarified through interpretation or specification (takhs\u012bs<\/em>).<\/li>\n
    4. Differences Between the Hanafi and Shafi’i Approaches to Naskh<\/strong>
      \nAccording to the Hanafi school, the Quran can abrogate the Sunnah, and vice versa, based on the principle that both sources are divinely revealed. In contrast, Imam al-Shafi’i maintains that only the Quran can abrogate the Quran, and only the Sunnah can abrogate the Sunnah. This distinction creates significant methodological differences between the two schools.<\/li>\n
    5. Logic, Contradiction, and the Role of Naskh<\/strong>
      \nFrom a logical perspective, abrogation serves as a mechanism to resolve contradictions in Islamic legal texts. If a ruling is abrogated, it eliminates any apparent contradiction and ensures legal clarity. The prohibition of alcohol in stages is presented as a classical example of abrogation in action.<\/li>\n
    6. Examples of Naskh in the Quran and Sunnah<\/strong>
      \nSeveral examples from the Quran and Sunnah illustrate the concept of abrogation, including:<\/p>\n
        \n
      • The gradual prohibition of alcohol<\/strong><\/li>\n
      • The change in the direction of prayer (qibla)<\/strong><\/li>\n
      • Regulations concerning warfare<\/strong>
        \nThese cases highlight how naskh was applied to accommodate changing social and legal conditions.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
      • Al-Ghazali\u2019s Views on Naskh<\/strong>
        \nImam al-Ghazali argues that abrogation is not merely a theoretical concept but a practical necessity. He emphasizes that the unity of the Quran and Sunnah allows for abrogation between them, opposing Imam al-Shafi’i\u2019s stricter view that limits abrogation within each source independently.<\/li>\n
      • Theological Debates and Criticism of Naskh<\/strong>
        \nAbrogation has been debated among theologians, some of whom question whether God can change His rulings. Certain theological schools have challenged the concept of divine repeal, arguing that it implies change in God\u2019s knowledge. However, scholars like al-Ghazali defend abrogation as a divine act of mercy and adaptation to human needs.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        Conclusion<\/strong><\/p>\n

        This seminar explores the role of abrogation in Islamic jurisprudence, focusing on its function as a mechanism for resolving textual contradictions. It details the differences between the Hanafi and Shafi’i approaches, with particular attention to Imam al-Shafi’i\u2019s theory that only the Quran can abrogate the Quran and only the Sunnah can abrogate the Sunnah. Al-Ghazali\u2019s criticism of this view is also examined. Ultimately, the seminar underscores the significance of naskh in the development of Islamic legal thought.<\/p>\n

         <\/p>\n

         <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

        ABDURRAH\u0130M KOZALI: FIKIH USUL\u00dcNE G\u0130R\u0130\u015e 11.SEM\u0130NER \u00d6ZET\u0130 Bu seminerde nesih […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"100-width.php","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-3465","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3465","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3465"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3465\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3466,"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3465\/revisions\/3466"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3465"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}