{"id":3610,"date":"2025-03-02T22:54:27","date_gmt":"2025-03-02T19:54:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/?page_id=3610"},"modified":"2025-03-02T22:54:27","modified_gmt":"2025-03-02T19:54:27","slug":"esref-altas-serhul-isarat-okumalari-2","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/esref-altas-serhul-isarat-okumalari-2\/","title":{"rendered":"E\u015fref Alta\u015f: \u015eerhu\u2019l-\u0130\u015f\u00e2r\u00e2t Okumalar\u0131 2"},"content":{"rendered":"

E\u015eREF ALTA\u015e: \u015eERHU’L-\u0130\u015e\u00c2R\u00c2T OKUMALARI 2. SEM\u0130NER \u00d6ZET\u0130<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bu seminer, \u0130bn S\u00een\u00e2\u2019n\u0131n hey\u00fbl\u00e2<\/em> kavram\u0131n\u0131 nas\u0131l temellendirdi\u011fini ve Fahreddin R\u00e2z\u00ee\u2019nin bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fe getirdi\u011fi ele\u015ftirileri ele almaktad\u0131r. \u0130bn S\u00een\u00e2, fiziksel varl\u0131klar\u0131n s\u00fcreklili\u011fini ve b\u00f6l\u00fcnebilirli\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131klamak i\u00e7in hey\u00fbl\u00e2<\/em> kavram\u0131n\u0131 kullan\u0131rken, R\u00e2z\u00ee, bu kavram\u0131n zorunlu olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 sorgulamaktad\u0131r. Tart\u0131\u015fma, antik Yunan filozoflar\u0131 ile \u0130slam d\u00fcnyas\u0131ndaki farkl\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce gelenekleri aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fki ba\u011flam\u0131nda y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmektedir.<\/p>\n

Ana Temalar<\/strong>:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \u0130bn S\u00een\u00e2\u2019n\u0131n Hey\u00fbl\u00e2\u2019n\u0131n Gereklili\u011fine Dair Delilleri<\/strong>: \u0130bn S\u00een\u00e2, cisimlerin b\u00f6l\u00fcnebilir olmas\u0131n\u0131n bir ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131 ilkeye dayanmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini savunur. B\u00f6l\u00fcnme imkan\u0131n\u0131n var olmas\u0131 i\u00e7in bir temel unsurun bulunmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini ileri s\u00fcrer ve bu unsuru hey\u00fbl\u00e2<\/em> olarak adland\u0131r\u0131r.<\/li>\n
  2. Fahreddin R\u00e2z\u00ee\u2019nin Ele\u015ftirileri<\/strong>: R\u00e2z\u00ee, \u0130bn S\u00een\u00e2\u2019n\u0131n hey\u00fbl\u00e2<\/em> ispat\u0131nda kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6nc\u00fclleri tek tek de\u011ferlendirerek, hey\u00fbl\u00e2<\/em> fikrinin zorunlulu\u011funu reddeder. Alternatif olarak, cisimlerin bireysel ve ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z varl\u0131klarla a\u00e7\u0131klanabilece\u011fini \u00f6ne s\u00fcrer.<\/li>\n
  3. Atomculuk ve B\u00f6l\u00fcnebilirlik Sorunu<\/strong>: \u0130bn S\u00een\u00e2, atomculu\u011fu reddederek, cisimlerin s\u00fcrekli bir yap\u0131ya sahip oldu\u011funu savunur. R\u00e2z\u00ee ise, atomculu\u011fun tamamen g\u00f6z ard\u0131 edilmemesi gerekti\u011fini ve baz\u0131 problemlerin bu bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131yla daha tutarl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclebilece\u011fini belirtir.<\/li>\n
  4. \u0130mk\u00e2n\u0131n Sub\u00fbt\u00ee Olmas\u0131 ve Hey\u00fbl\u00e2\u2019n\u0131n Gerek\u00e7elendirilmesi<\/strong>: \u0130bn S\u00een\u00e2\u2019ya g\u00f6re, hey\u00fbl\u00e2<\/em>, imk\u00e2n\u0131n (sub\u00fbt\u00ee imkan<\/em>) varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kabul etmeyi gerektirir. Ancak, R\u00e2z\u00ee bu kavram\u0131n metafiziksel bir kabul oldu\u011funu ve kesin bir ontolojik temele dayanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ileri s\u00fcrer.<\/li>\n
  5. G\u00f6k Cisimleri ve Hey\u00fbl\u00e2<\/strong>: Seminerde, g\u00f6ksel cisimlerin b\u00f6l\u00fcnmezli\u011fi meselesi ele al\u0131narak, g\u00f6klerin fiziksel yap\u0131s\u0131nda hey\u00fbl\u00e2<\/em> kavram\u0131n\u0131n nas\u0131l konumland\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. R\u00e2z\u00ee, g\u00f6ksel cisimlerin b\u00f6l\u00fcnmeye maruz kalmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ne s\u00fcrerek, hey\u00fbl\u00e2<\/em> ispat\u0131n\u0131n bu noktada sorunlu oldu\u011funu savunur.<\/li>\n
  6. Hey\u00fbl\u00e2\u2019n\u0131n Zorunlu Olup Olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00dczerine Tart\u0131\u015fmalar<\/strong>: Seminerde, hey\u00fbl\u00e2<\/em> olmadan da cisimlerin varl\u0131k kazanabilece\u011fi fikri de\u011ferlendirilerek, bunun hem felsefi hem de mant\u0131ksal sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 ele al\u0131nmaktad\u0131r. R\u00e2z\u00ee, hey\u00fbl\u00e2<\/em> olmaks\u0131z\u0131n da b\u00f6l\u00fcnme ve birle\u015fmenin a\u00e7\u0131klanabilece\u011fini savunur.<\/li>\n
  7. Yo\u011funla\u015fma ve Geni\u015fleme Meselesi<\/strong>: \u0130bn S\u00een\u00e2, cisimlerin yo\u011funla\u015fma (tek\u00e2s\u00fcf<\/em>) ve geni\u015fleme (teneff\u00fcs<\/em>) s\u00fcre\u00e7leriyle de\u011fi\u015fime u\u011frad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, ancak \u00f6zlerinde bir devaml\u0131l\u0131k bulundu\u011funu \u00f6ne s\u00fcrer. R\u00e2z\u00ee ise bu s\u00fcreklili\u011fin hey\u00fbl\u00e2<\/em> ile de\u011fil, do\u011frudan cisimlerin kendileriyle a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini belirtir.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Sonu\u00e7<\/strong>:
    \nBu seminer, \u0130bn S\u00een\u00e2\u2019n\u0131n hey\u00fbl\u00e2<\/em> kavram\u0131n\u0131 fizik ve metafizik ba\u011flamda nas\u0131l savundu\u011funu ve Fahreddin R\u00e2z\u00ee\u2019nin bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fe y\u00f6neltti\u011fi ele\u015ftirileri ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bir \u015fekilde ele almaktad\u0131r. Tart\u0131\u015fma, \u0130slam felsefesinde s\u00fcreklilik, b\u00f6l\u00fcnebilirlik ve cisimlerin do\u011fas\u0131 hakk\u0131ndaki temel meseleleri ortaya koymaktad\u0131r. R\u00e2z\u00ee\u2019nin ele\u015ftirileri, \u0130bn S\u00een\u00e2\u2019n\u0131n sistemindeki baz\u0131 kavramsal bo\u015fluklar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131karmakta ve alternatif a\u00e7\u0131klamalar geli\u015ftirilmesi gerekti\u011fini g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/p>\n

    This seminar examines Ibn S\u012bn\u0101\u2019s justification of hay\u016bl\u0101<\/em> (prime matter) and Fakhr al-D\u012bn al-R\u0101z\u012b\u2019s critiques of this concept. While Ibn S\u012bn\u0101 employs hay\u016bl\u0101<\/em> to explain the continuity and divisibility of physical substances, al-R\u0101z\u012b questions whether this concept is truly necessary. The discussion takes place within the broader intellectual context of Greek philosophy and its reception in the Islamic philosophical tradition.<\/p>\n

    Main Themes<\/strong>:<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. Ibn S\u012bn\u0101\u2019s Arguments for the Necessity of Hay\u016bl\u0101<\/em><\/strong>: Ibn S\u012bn\u0101 argues that the divisibility of bodies requires an underlying principle. He posits that the mere possibility of division necessitates a fundamental substratum, which he identifies as hay\u016bl\u0101<\/em>.<\/li>\n
    2. Al-R\u0101z\u012b\u2019s Critique<\/strong>: Al-R\u0101z\u012b systematically evaluates the premises of Ibn S\u012bn\u0101\u2019s argument and rejects the necessity of hay\u016bl\u0101<\/em>. Instead, he suggests that bodies can be explained through individual and independent entities without requiring an underlying substratum.<\/li>\n
    3. The Debate on Atomism and Divisibility<\/strong>: Ibn S\u012bn\u0101 rejects atomism, maintaining that bodies possess continuous structures. Al-R\u0101z\u012b, however, suggests that atomism should not be dismissed outright, as it provides a coherent alternative for explaining physical reality.<\/li>\n
    4. The Substantiality of Possibility (Sub\u016bt\u012b Imk\u0101n<\/em>) and Justification of Hay\u016bl\u0101<\/em><\/strong>: According to Ibn S\u012bn\u0101, hay\u016bl\u0101<\/em> necessitates the existence of potentiality (imk\u0101n<\/em>). Al-R\u0101z\u012b challenges this notion, arguing that it is a metaphysical assumption rather than an ontologically grounded reality.<\/li>\n
    5. Celestial Bodies and Hay\u016bl\u0101<\/em><\/strong>: The seminar explores the role of hay\u016bl\u0101<\/em> in the composition of celestial bodies. While Ibn S\u012bn\u0101 argues for the necessity of hay\u016bl\u0101<\/em> in all physical entities, al-R\u0101z\u012b counters that celestial bodies are indivisible, making hay\u016bl\u0101<\/em> unnecessary for their explanation.<\/li>\n
    6. Is Hay\u016bl\u0101<\/em> Truly Indispensable?<\/strong>: The discussion evaluates the possibility of explaining bodies without hay\u016bl\u0101<\/em>, considering both philosophical and logical implications. Al-R\u0101z\u012b suggests that division and composition can be understood without resorting to hay\u016bl\u0101<\/em>.<\/li>\n
    7. Condensation and Expansion (Tak\u0101thuf<\/em> and Tanaffus<\/em>)<\/strong>: Ibn S\u012bn\u0101 argues that bodies undergo changes through processes of condensation and expansion while maintaining continuity in their essence. Al-R\u0101z\u012b, however, contends that this continuity can be explained through the nature of bodies themselves, without invoking hay\u016bl\u0101<\/em>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      Conclusion<\/strong>:
      \nThis seminar provides a detailed examination of Ibn S\u012bn\u0101\u2019s defense of hay\u016bl\u0101<\/em> within both physical and metaphysical contexts, alongside al-R\u0101z\u012b\u2019s critiques. The discussion highlights fundamental debates in Islamic philosophy regarding continuity, divisibility, and the nature of physical substances. Al-R\u0101z\u012b\u2019s objections expose conceptual gaps in Ibn S\u012bn\u0101\u2019s framework and suggest the need for alternative explanations of material existence.<\/p>\n

       <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      E\u015eREF ALTA\u015e: \u015eERHU’L-\u0130\u015e\u00c2R\u00c2T OKUMALARI 2. SEM\u0130NER \u00d6ZET\u0130 Bu seminer, \u0130bn […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"100-width.php","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-3610","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3610","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3610"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3610\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3612,"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3610\/revisions\/3612"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3610"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}