{"id":3616,"date":"2025-03-02T22:56:44","date_gmt":"2025-03-02T19:56:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/?page_id=3616"},"modified":"2025-03-02T22:56:44","modified_gmt":"2025-03-02T19:56:44","slug":"esref-altas-serhul-isarat-okumalari-5","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/esref-altas-serhul-isarat-okumalari-5\/","title":{"rendered":"E\u015fref Alta\u015f: \u015eerhu\u2019l-\u0130\u015f\u00e2r\u00e2t Okumalar\u0131 5"},"content":{"rendered":"

E\u015eREF ALTA\u015e: \u015eERHU’L-\u0130\u015e\u00c2R\u00c2T OKUMALARI 5. SEM\u0130NER \u00d6ZET\u0130<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bu seminer, \u0130bn S\u00een\u00e2\u2019n\u0131n el-\u0130\u015f\u00e2r\u00e2t ve\u2019t-Tenb\u00eeh\u00e2t<\/em> eserine Fahreddin R\u00e2z\u00ee taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan \u015ferhin temel kavramlar\u0131n\u0131 ele alarak, fizik ve metafizik aras\u0131ndaki ba\u011flant\u0131y\u0131 tart\u0131\u015fmaktad\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle t\u00fcrsel suret<\/em>, hey\u00fbl\u00e2<\/em>, bo\u015fluk<\/em>, y\u00f6n<\/em> ve ku\u015fat\u0131c\u0131 felek<\/em> gibi konular \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde \u0130bn S\u00een\u00e2c\u0131 ve \u0130\u015fr\u00e2k\u00ee geleneklerin kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 analizi yap\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. R\u00e2z\u00ee\u2019nin getirdi\u011fi ele\u015ftiriler \u00fczerinden, cismin varl\u0131k yap\u0131s\u0131 ve onun nitelikleri detayland\u0131r\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Ana Temalar<\/strong>:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \u0130bn S\u00een\u00e2\u2019n\u0131n Cisim Teorisi ve T\u00fcrsel Suretin Rol\u00fc<\/strong>: \u0130bn S\u00een\u00e2, cismin temel \u00f6zelliklerini belirlerken hey\u00fbl\u00e2<\/em> ve t\u00fcrsel suret<\/em> kavramlar\u0131na dayan\u0131r. R\u00e2z\u00ee, t\u00fcrsel suretin zorunlu olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 sorgularken, onun bir cevher mi yoksa bir araz m\u0131 oldu\u011fu tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/li>\n
  2. R\u00e2z\u00ee\u2019nin Ele\u015ftirileri ve \u0130\u015fr\u00e2k\u00ee Gelenekle Paraleleleri<\/strong>: R\u00e2z\u00ee, \u0130bn S\u00een\u00e2\u2019n\u0131n t\u00fcrsel suret anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131na y\u00f6nelik ele\u015ftirilerinde, farkl\u0131 filozoflar\u0131n alternatif yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 de\u011ferlendirir. \u0130\u015fr\u00e2k\u00ee gelenek de t\u00fcrsel sureti bir cevher<\/em> olarak de\u011fil, araz<\/em> olarak kabul etmektedir.<\/li>\n
  3. Cisimlerin \u00d6zellikleri ve Ontolojik Kriz<\/strong>: T\u00fcrsel suretin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131na y\u00f6nelik ele\u015ftiriler, cisimlerin temel niteliklerini nas\u0131l kazand\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair \u00f6nemli bir tart\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 beraberinde getirmi\u015ftir. R\u00e2z\u00ee, farkl\u0131 cisimlerin ayr\u0131 hakikatlere dayanmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi iddias\u0131n\u0131 sorgular ve \u0130bn S\u00een\u00e2c\u0131lar\u0131n bed\u00eeh\u00ee bilgi<\/em> olarak \u00f6ne s\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc iddialar\u0131n tutars\u0131zl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 ortaya koyar.<\/li>\n
  4. Bo\u015fluk Meselesi ve R\u00e2z\u00ee\u2019nin Tutumu<\/strong>: Bo\u015fluk (hal\u00e2<\/em>) kavram\u0131, \u0130bn S\u00een\u00e2 taraf\u0131ndan reddedilirken, R\u00e2z\u00ee bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc do\u011frudan ele\u015ftirmemektedir. Ancak, bo\u015fluk fikrinin metafiziksel ve fiziksel gerek\u00e7elerle nas\u0131l reddedildi\u011fi detayland\u0131r\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/li>\n
  5. Y\u00f6n ve Ku\u015fat\u0131c\u0131 Felek<\/strong>: \u0130bn S\u00een\u00e2\u2019ya g\u00f6re y\u00f6n (cihet<\/em>), uzan\u0131m\u0131n (imtidad<\/em>) sonudur. Evrende nihai bir s\u0131n\u0131r oldu\u011fu kabul edilerek, y\u00f6nlerin bir felek ile belirlendi\u011fi savunulmaktad\u0131r.<\/li>\n
  6. Evrenin Kapal\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve Feleklerin Rol\u00fc<\/strong>: \u0130bn S\u00een\u00e2\u2019n\u0131n fizik teorisinde evren, kapal\u0131 bir sistem olarak tasvir edilmektedir. Bu sistem i\u00e7inde hareketin do\u011fas\u0131, y\u00f6nlerin belirlenmesi ve evrenin nihai s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131n ne oldu\u011fu tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/li>\n
  7. Dairesel Hareket ve Evrenin S\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/strong>: Evrenin d\u0131\u015f \u00e7eperini olu\u015fturan felek, y\u00f6nleri s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131ran bir unsurdur. D\u0131\u015f felek sayesinde evrenin \u015fekli ve hareket modeli belirlenir. \u0130bn S\u00een\u00e2, evrenin do\u011frusal bir hareket yerine dairesel bir harekete sahip oldu\u011funu ve bunun metafiziksel bir gereklilik oldu\u011funu ileri s\u00fcrmektedir.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Sonu\u00e7<\/strong>:
    \nBu seminer, \u0130bn S\u00een\u00e2\u2019n\u0131n fizik ve metafizik anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n temel unsurlar\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klayarak, cismin varl\u0131k yap\u0131s\u0131, y\u00f6nlerin belirlenmesi ve bo\u015fluk fikrinin imk\u00e2ns\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi meseleleri ele almaktad\u0131r. R\u00e2z\u00ee\u2019nin ele\u015ftirileriyle, \u0130bn S\u00een\u00e2\u2019n\u0131n teorisinin hangi a\u00e7\u0131lardan problemli oldu\u011fu ve \u0130\u015fr\u00e2k\u00ee gelenekle nas\u0131l \u00f6rt\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fc tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Son olarak, evrenin bir b\u00fct\u00fcn olarak nas\u0131l \u015fekillendi\u011fi ve onun s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131l\u0131k fikriyle nas\u0131l uyumlu oldu\u011fu de\u011ferlendirilerek, \u0130bn S\u00een\u00e2\u2019n\u0131n fizik teorisinin metafizik kabullerine dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131 vurgulanmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    This seminar explores the fundamental concepts of Fakhr al-D\u012bn al-R\u0101z\u012b\u2019s commentary on Ibn S\u012bn\u0101\u2019s al-Ish\u0101r\u0101t wa\u2019l-Tanb\u012bh\u0101t<\/em>, focusing on the intersection between physics and metaphysics. The discussion examines key topics such as substantial form<\/em>, hyle<\/em> (hay\u016bl\u0101<\/em>), void<\/em>, direction<\/em>, and the encompassing celestial sphere<\/em>, comparing Avicennan and Illuminationist (Ishr\u0101q\u012b<\/em>) traditions. Through al-R\u0101z\u012b\u2019s critiques, the seminar delves into the ontological nature of bodies and their properties.<\/p>\n

    Main Themes<\/strong>:<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. Ibn S\u012bn\u0101\u2019s Theory of Bodies and the Role of Substantial Form<\/strong>: Ibn S\u012bn\u0101 defines the essential characteristics of bodies based on hyle<\/em> and substantial form<\/em>. Al-R\u0101z\u012b questions whether substantial form is necessary, debating whether it is a substance<\/em> or an accident<\/em>.<\/li>\n
    2. Al-R\u0101z\u012b\u2019s Critique and Parallels with the Illuminationist Tradition<\/strong>: Al-R\u0101z\u012b evaluates alternative philosophical approaches to Ibn S\u012bn\u0101\u2019s theory. The Illuminationist school, like al-R\u0101z\u012b, treats substantial form not as a substance<\/em> but as an accident<\/em>.<\/li>\n
    3. The Ontological Crisis in the Properties of Bodies<\/strong>: The critique of substantial form raises a key issue: how do bodies acquire their essential properties? Al-R\u0101z\u012b challenges the claim that different bodies must be grounded in separate realities, questioning the Avicennan assertion of this as self-evident (bad\u012bh\u012b<\/em> knowledge).<\/li>\n
    4. The Issue of Void and Al-R\u0101z\u012b\u2019s Position<\/strong>: While Ibn S\u012bn\u0101 rejects the existence of void (hal\u0101<\/em>), al-R\u0101z\u012b does not directly challenge this claim. However, the seminar details how the rejection of void is justified through both metaphysical and physical arguments.<\/li>\n
    5. Direction and the Encompassing Sphere<\/strong>: According to Ibn S\u012bn\u0101, direction<\/em> (jiha<\/em>) is defined as the limit of extension<\/em> (imtid\u0101d<\/em>). The universe is structured with definitive boundaries, with directions determined by celestial spheres.<\/li>\n
    6. The Closure of the Universe and the Role of Spheres<\/strong>: Ibn S\u012bn\u0101 describes the universe as a closed system. The seminar discusses how motion functions within this framework, how directions are determined, and whether the universe has an ultimate boundary.<\/li>\n
    7. Circular Motion and the Finiteness of the Universe<\/strong>: The outer celestial sphere defines the boundaries of direction and structure within the universe. According to Ibn S\u012bn\u0101, celestial movement is circular rather than linear, a necessity stemming from his metaphysical commitments.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      Conclusion<\/strong>:
      \nThis seminar provides an in-depth exploration of Ibn S\u012bn\u0101\u2019s physics and metaphysics, analyzing the ontological structure of bodies, the rejection of void, and the determination of direction within the cosmos. Al-R\u0101z\u012b\u2019s critiques highlight potential weaknesses in Avicennan theory while drawing parallels with the Illuminationist school. Ultimately, the discussion emphasizes how Ibn S\u012bn\u0101\u2019s physical model is deeply rooted in his metaphysical principles, shaping his conception of a finite, structured cosmos.<\/p>\n

       <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      E\u015eREF ALTA\u015e: \u015eERHU’L-\u0130\u015e\u00c2R\u00c2T OKUMALARI 5. SEM\u0130NER \u00d6ZET\u0130 Bu seminer, \u0130bn […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"100-width.php","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-3616","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3616","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3616"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3616\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3618,"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3616\/revisions\/3618"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3616"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}