{"id":4845,"date":"2025-05-05T12:45:24","date_gmt":"2025-05-05T09:45:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/?page_id=4845"},"modified":"2025-05-05T12:45:24","modified_gmt":"2025-05-05T09:45:24","slug":"ayhan-citil-aristoteles-metafizik-okumalari-17-seminer-ozeti","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/ayhan-citil-aristoteles-metafizik-okumalari-17-seminer-ozeti\/","title":{"rendered":"AYHAN \u00c7\u0130T\u0130L: AR\u0130STOTELES, METAF\u0130Z\u0130K OKUMALARI 17. SEM\u0130NER \u00d6ZET\u0130"},"content":{"rendered":"

AYHAN \u00c7\u0130T\u0130L: AR\u0130STOTELES, METAF\u0130Z\u0130K OKUMALARI 17. SEM\u0130NER \u00d6ZET\u0130<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Seminerin Amac\u0131 ve \u0130\u00e7eri\u011fi<\/strong>
    \nBu seminer, Aristoteles\u2019in madde, kuvve, de\u011fi\u015fim, \u00e7eli\u015fmezlik ilkesi ve apeiron<\/em> gibi temel kavramlar\u0131 \u00fczerinden Bat\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesinin metafizik zeminini ortaya koyar. Ayhan \u00c7itil, bu kavramlar\u0131 yaln\u0131zca Aristoteles\u2019in sisteminde de\u011fil; Plotinus, Yeni Platonculuk, Kant ve modern matematiksel d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceyle ele\u015ftirel bir diyalog i\u00e7inde de\u011ferlendirir. Seminer, Aristoteles\u00e7i metafizi\u011fi modern felsefenin kurucu bir e\u015fi\u011fi olarak yeniden konumland\u0131r\u0131r.<\/li>\n
  2. Ana Temalar ve Ba\u015fl\u0131klar<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      \n
    1. Madde ve Kuvve: De\u011fi\u015fimin Yap\u0131sal Ko\u015fullar\u0131<\/strong>
      \nAristoteles\u2019e g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fim, hyle<\/em> (madde) ve dynamis<\/em> (kuvve) olmadan m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. Madde, ba\u015fka t\u00fcrl\u00fc olma kapasitesi ta\u015f\u0131yan bir zemin olarak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcr. \u00c7itil, maddenin yokluk de\u011fil, ontolojik bir a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131k oldu\u011funu vurgular.<\/li>\n
    2. Apeiron ve Sonsuzluk S\u0131n\u0131r\u0131<\/strong>
      \n\u0130lkesiz ve s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131z olan<\/em> anlam\u0131ndaki apeiron<\/em>, Anaksimandros gibi ilk filozoflarda merkezi bir kavramd\u0131r. Aristoteles ise bu kavram\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131rarak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmenin d\u00fczenini sa\u011flar. \u00c7itil, modern matematikte apeiron<\/em>un yeniden canland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve kavramsal g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn s\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc belirtir.<\/li>\n
    3. \u00c7eli\u015fmezlik \u0130lkesi ve Ontolojik Zorunluluk<\/strong>
      \nAristoteles\u2019in \u00e7eli\u015fmezlik ilkesi, yaln\u0131zca mant\u0131ksal de\u011fil, metafizi\u011fin kendisi i\u00e7in kurucu bir ilke olarak ele al\u0131n\u0131r. \u00c7itil, bu ilkenin reddinin varl\u0131k ile yokluk ayr\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 ortadan kald\u0131rarak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmenin imk\u00e2n\u0131n\u0131 yok etti\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131klar.<\/li>\n
    4. Plotinus ve Maddenin D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fc<\/strong>
      \nYeni Platoncu filozof Plotinus, maddeyi duyulur d\u00fcnya ile akledilir d\u00fcnya aras\u0131nda bir gerilim olarak yeniden tan\u0131mlar. \u00c7itil, bu anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 Aristoteles\u2019in i\u00e7kin form-madde birlikteli\u011fiyle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r ve Plotinus\u2019un metafizi\u011fi yeniden ruhsalla\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 savunur.<\/li>\n
    5. Aristoteles\u2019ten Kant\u2019a: Nedensellik ve Bilgi Yap\u0131s\u0131nda De\u011fi\u015fim<\/strong>
      \n\u00c7itil, Aristoteles\u2019in bilgi anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 Kant\u2019\u0131n bilgi kuram\u0131yla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r. Aristoteles\u2019te bilgi, form-madde ili\u015fkisi \u00fczerine kuruluyken; Kant\u2019ta \u00f6zne merkezli apriori ko\u015fullarla tan\u0131mlan\u0131r. Nedensellik anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 da bu ge\u00e7i\u015fte d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcme u\u011frar.<\/li>\n
    6. Matematiksel D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce ve Say\u0131n\u0131n Ontolojisi<\/strong>
      \nModern matematik, \u00f6zellikle Kartezyen d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceyle birlikte say\u0131y\u0131 madde ve formdan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r. \u00c7itil, bu soyutlaman\u0131n ontolojik bir yabanc\u0131la\u015fmaya yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve metafizi\u011fin d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceyle ba\u011f\u0131n\u0131n zay\u0131flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 savunur.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
        \n
      1. Sonu\u00e7<\/strong>
        \n17. seminerde Ayhan \u00c7itil, Aristoteles\u2019in metafizi\u011finin modern felsefeye olan etkisini ve bu etkinin d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc kapsaml\u0131 bir \u015fekilde analiz eder. Madde, de\u011fi\u015fim ve sonsuzluk gibi kavramlar, hem tarihsel hem kavramsal d\u00fczeyde yeniden d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcr. Aristoteles\u2019in sistemi, kapal\u0131 bir \u00f6\u011freti de\u011fil; varl\u0131k d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesinin s\u00fcrekli yenilenen bir zeminidir.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

         <\/p>\n

          \n
        1. Purpose and Content of the Seminar<\/strong>
          \nThis seminar explores how Aristotle\u2019s metaphysical concepts\u2014such as matter, potentiality, change, the principle of non-contradiction, and apeiron<\/em>\u2014form the deep foundations of Western thought. Ayhan \u00c7itil examines these concepts not only within Aristotle\u2019s own system, but in critical dialogue with later philosophical developments, including Plotinus, Neoplatonism, Kant, and modern mathematical thinking. The seminar situates Aristotelian metaphysics as an origin point that continues to shape the coordinates of modern philosophy.<\/li>\n
        2. Main Themes and Topics<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
            \n
          1. Matter and Potentiality in the Structure of Change<\/strong>
            \nAristotle conceives of hyle<\/em> (matter) and dynamis<\/em> (potentiality) as essential to understanding change. Change requires a substratum that is capable of being otherwise, and this potentiality is never fully exhausted. \u00c7itil emphasizes that matter is not nothingness but a real capacity, a metaphysical openness.<\/li>\n
          2. Apeiron and the Limits of the Infinite<\/strong>
            \nThe apeiron<\/em> (infinite or indefinite), traditionally associated with pre-Socratic thinkers like Anaximander, is critically evaluated in Aristotle\u2019s system. \u00c7itil shows how Aristotle\u2019s finite metaphysics limits the explanatory power of apeiron<\/em>, but also how modern mathematics reactivates its conceptual potential.<\/li>\n
          3. The Principle of Non-Contradiction (PNC)<\/strong>
            \nOne of Aristotle\u2019s central metaphysical principles, the PNC is discussed not just as a logical axiom but as a condition of possibility for intelligibility. \u00c7itil explains how denying the PNC collapses the distinction between being and non-being, thus annihilating metaphysics.<\/li>\n
          4. Plotinus and the Transformation of Matter<\/strong>
            \nPlotinus\u2019s Neoplatonic reinterpretation of matter introduces a dualism between intelligible and sensible realms. \u00c7itil contrasts this with Aristotle\u2019s more immanent understanding of form and matter, emphasizing how Neoplatonism re-spiritualizes metaphysics.<\/li>\n
          5. From Aristotle to Kant: The Shift in Causality and Knowledge<\/strong>
            \n\u00c7itil traces a historical transition from Aristotelian metaphysics to Kantian epistemology. While Aristotle grounds knowledge in the form-matter relation, Kant bases it on the subject\u2019s a priori conditions. The notion of causality, too, undergoes a radical redefinition in this shift.<\/li>\n
          6. Mathematical Structures and the Ontology of Number<\/strong>
            \nModern mathematical thought, particularly through Descartes and the symbolic abstraction of algebra, detaches number from the Aristotelian link between form and substance. \u00c7itil explores how this shift generates a new kind of metaphysical alienation.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
              \n
            1. Conclusion<\/strong>
              \nIn Seminar 17, Ayhan \u00c7itil articulates how Aristotle\u2019s metaphysical framework remains foundational but also subject to reinterpretation and rupture. By confronting the aporias of matter, change, and the infinite, and comparing Aristotle with Neoplatonism and Kantian philosophy, the seminar demonstrates that metaphysics is not a closed historical system but a dynamic arena where the meaning of being continues to evolve.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

               <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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