{"id":4853,"date":"2025-05-05T12:50:46","date_gmt":"2025-05-05T09:50:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/?page_id=4853"},"modified":"2025-05-05T12:50:46","modified_gmt":"2025-05-05T09:50:46","slug":"ayhan-citil-aristoteles-metafizik-okumalari-21-seminer-ozeti","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/ayhan-citil-aristoteles-metafizik-okumalari-21-seminer-ozeti\/","title":{"rendered":"AYHAN \u00c7\u0130T\u0130L: AR\u0130STOTELES, METAF\u0130Z\u0130K OKUMALARI 21. SEM\u0130NER \u00d6ZET\u0130"},"content":{"rendered":"

AYHAN \u00c7\u0130T\u0130L: AR\u0130STOTELES, METAF\u0130Z\u0130K OKUMALARI 21. SEM\u0130NER \u00d6ZET\u0130<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Seminerin Amac\u0131 ve \u0130\u00e7eri\u011fi<\/strong>
    \nBu seminer, Aristoteles\u2019in \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc kitab\u0131ndaki metafizik problemleri \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceyle ili\u015fkilendirerek de\u011ferlendirir. \u00c7itil, \u00f6zellikle \u201c\u00f6zde\u015flik\u201d, \u201chareketin kayna\u011f\u0131\u201d, \u201ccanl\u0131-cans\u0131z ayr\u0131m\u0131\u201d, \u201carac\u0131 varl\u0131klar\u201d ve \u201cilke-\u00f6\u011fe ili\u015fkisi\u201d gibi ba\u015fl\u0131klar\u0131 ele al\u0131rken; Empedokles\u2019in d\u00f6rt unsur \u00f6\u011fretisi, Kant\u2019\u0131n antinomileri, Wittgenstein\u2019\u0131n metafizik ele\u015ftirisi ve modern fizik-kimya teorileriyle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlemeler sunar. Seminer, metafizi\u011fin hem dilsel hem d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnsel olanaklar\u0131n\u0131 tart\u0131\u015farak, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcr ile tezah\u00fcr eden aras\u0131nda bir ge\u00e7i\u015f zemini arar.<\/li>\n
  2. Ana Temalar ve Ba\u015fl\u0131klar<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      \n
    1. Arac\u0131 Varl\u0131klar ve Metaksu Kavram\u0131<\/strong>
      \nAristoteles\u2019te \u201cmetaksu\u201d olarak tan\u0131mlanan arac\u0131 varl\u0131klar, duyusal ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnsel olan\u0131 ba\u011flayan bir alan\u0131 temsil eder. \u00c7itil, modern \u201cmodel\u201d kavram\u0131n\u0131n da bu arac\u0131 yap\u0131n\u0131n d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcyle ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 savunur ve k\u00fcme kuram\u0131 ile ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 tart\u0131\u015f\u0131r.<\/li>\n
    2. \u00d6zde\u015flik ve Wittgenstein Ele\u015ftirisi<\/strong>
      \nSeminerde \u201cbir \u015feyi kendisi yapan nedir?\u201d sorusu \u00f6zde\u015flik problemi ba\u011flam\u0131nda tart\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131r. \u00c7itil, Wittgenstein\u2019\u0131n bu konuda dilin s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 vurgulad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtir ve metafizi\u011fin bu s\u0131n\u0131rlar i\u00e7inde nas\u0131l m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olabilece\u011fini sorgular.<\/li>\n
    3. \u0130lke ve \u00d6\u011feler: Tan\u0131m m\u0131 Par\u00e7a m\u0131?<\/strong>
      \nBir varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirleyen \u015feyin par\u00e7alar m\u0131 yoksa tan\u0131mda yer alan k\u00fcll\u00eeler mi oldu\u011fu sorusu, Aristoteles\u2019in ilkeler anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 i\u00e7inde irdelenir. Theseus\u2019un Gemisi problemi \u00fczerinden \u00f6zde\u015flik ve de\u011fi\u015fim sorunu derinle\u015ftirilir.<\/li>\n
    4. Ay-Alt\u0131 ve Ay-\u00dcst\u00fc Kozmoloji Ayr\u0131m\u0131<\/strong>
      \nAristoteles\u2019in kozmolojisindeki g\u00f6k cisimlerinin ebed\u00eeli\u011fi ve d\u00fcnya alt\u0131 varl\u0131klar\u0131n bozulabilirli\u011fi, modern fizikle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Empedokles\u2019in unsurlar ve sevgi-nefret ilkeleri, hareketin kayna\u011f\u0131 ve s\u00fcreklili\u011fi ba\u011flam\u0131nda de\u011ferlendirilir.<\/li>\n
    5. Canl\u0131-Cans\u0131z Ayr\u0131m\u0131 ve Entelekheia<\/strong>
      \nCanl\u0131lar, Aristoteles\u2019e g\u00f6re, hareket ve durma ilkesine kendinde sahip olan varl\u0131klard\u0131r. Bu ba\u011flamda entelekheia (kendi ere\u011fine y\u00f6nelmi\u015flik) kavram\u0131, \u201ciyi\u201d ve \u201carzu\u201d kavramlar\u0131yla ili\u015fkilendirilerek a\u00e7\u0131klan\u0131r.<\/li>\n
    6. Metafizi\u011fin G\u00fcncelli\u011fi ve Fiziksel Teorilerle \u0130li\u015fkisi<\/strong>
      \n\u00c7itil, Kant\u2019\u0131n do\u011fa antinomileri ve modern teorik fizik (\u00f6zellikle Hawking-Penrose kozmolojisi) ile Aristoteles\u00e7i metafizi\u011fi kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rarak, hareketin ve zaman\u0131n kayna\u011f\u0131na dair sorular\u0131n g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde de ge\u00e7erli oldu\u011funu savunur.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
        \n
      1. Sonu\u00e7<\/strong>
        \n21. seminer, metafizi\u011fin yaln\u0131zca teorik de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda ontolojik ve etik boyutlar\u0131n\u0131 da kapsayan bir disiplin olarak h\u00e2l\u00e2 ya\u015famsal oldu\u011funu g\u00f6sterir. Aristoteles\u2019in \u201chareketin kayna\u011f\u0131\u201d sorusuna verdi\u011fi cevaplar\u0131n, bug\u00fcnk\u00fc bilimsel d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce ve metafizik \u00e7abalarla yeniden d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmesi gerekti\u011fi vurgulan\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

         <\/p>\n

          \n
        1. Purpose and Content of the Seminar<\/strong>
          \nThis seminar explores key metaphysical problems in Aristotle\u2019s third book by linking them to contemporary philosophy. Ayhan \u00c7itil examines central themes such as \u201cidentity,\u201d \u201corigin of motion,\u201d \u201cthe living and the non-living,\u201d \u201cintermediary beings,\u201d and the \u201crelation of elements and principles.\u201d Drawing comparisons with Empedocles\u2019 four-element doctrine, Kant\u2019s antinomies, Wittgenstein\u2019s critique of metaphysics, and modern scientific theories, the seminar seeks a conceptual bridge between the intelligible and the phenomenal.<\/li>\n
        2. Main Themes and Topics<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
            \n
          1. Intermediary Beings and the Concept of Metaksu<\/strong>
            \nMetaksu refers to entities mediating between the sensible and intelligible realms. \u00c7itil interprets the modern notion of \u201cmodel\u201d as a transformation of metaksu, linking it to image, schema, and set theory.<\/li>\n
          2. Identity and the Limits of Language<\/strong>
            \nThe problem of identity\u2014what makes a thing itself\u2014is addressed through Wittgenstein\u2019s claim that identity cannot be meaningfully discussed in language. Metaphysics thus encounters its expressive boundaries.<\/li>\n
          3. Principles and Elements: Definition or Parts?<\/strong>
            \nAristotle\u2019s question of whether beings are defined by their essential definitions or constituent parts is examined through the Ship of Theseus paradox, highlighting the metaphysical challenge of continuity and individuation.<\/li>\n
          4. Sub-Lunar and Super-Lunar Cosmology<\/strong>
            \nAristotle\u2019s cosmological distinction between the mutable sub-lunar realm and the eternal celestial spheres is reinterpreted through the lens of modern physics. Empedocles\u2019 theory of elements and forces (love and strife) is critically evaluated.<\/li>\n
          5. Living vs. Non-Living and the Role of Entelekheia<\/strong>
            \nLiving beings possess an internal principle of motion and rest. \u00c7itil analyzes entelekheia\u2014orientation toward one\u2019s own end\u2014in connection with desire and the good, asserting that life presupposes the presence of value.<\/li>\n
          6. The Relevance of Metaphysics and Scientific Theories<\/strong>
            \nBy engaging Kant\u2019s antinomies and modern cosmological theories (e.g., Hawking and Penrose), \u00c7itil demonstrates that questions concerning the origin of motion and the structure of time remain metaphysically urgent.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
              \n
            1. Conclusion<\/strong>
              \nThis seminar affirms the continued relevance of metaphysics in addressing foundational questions about existence, motion, and life. Aristotle\u2019s framework remains vital not just for historical reflection, but as a living structure through which contemporary philosophy and science can articulate their deepest inquiries.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

               <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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