{"id":4857,"date":"2025-05-05T12:52:01","date_gmt":"2025-05-05T09:52:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/?page_id=4857"},"modified":"2025-05-05T12:52:01","modified_gmt":"2025-05-05T09:52:01","slug":"ayhan-citil-aristoteles-metafizik-okumalari-23-seminer-ozeti","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/ayhan-citil-aristoteles-metafizik-okumalari-23-seminer-ozeti\/","title":{"rendered":"AYHAN \u00c7\u0130T\u0130L: AR\u0130STOTELES, METAF\u0130Z\u0130K OKUMALARI 23. SEM\u0130NER \u00d6ZET\u0130"},"content":{"rendered":"

AYHAN \u00c7\u0130T\u0130L: AR\u0130STOTELES, METAF\u0130Z\u0130K OKUMALARI 23. SEM\u0130NER \u00d6ZET\u0130<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Seminerin Amac\u0131 ve \u0130\u00e7eri\u011fi<\/strong>
    \nBu seminer, Aristoteles\u2019in d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc kitaptaki temel iddias\u0131 olan \u201cvarl\u0131k olmak bak\u0131m\u0131ndan varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 inceleyen bir bilim vard\u0131r\u201d \u00f6nermesinden hareketle metafizi\u011fin ger\u00e7ek ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131n\u0131 te\u015fkil eder. Ayhan \u00c7itil, \u201cd\u0131r\u201d kipinin farkl\u0131 kullan\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 analiz ederek, y\u00fcklemleme bi\u00e7imleri, ontolojik stat\u00fcler ve metafizik disiplinin kapsam\u0131n\u0131 yeniden d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr. Seminer, dil-felsefe ili\u015fkisini merkeze alarak Parmenides, Platon, Wittgenstein ve \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f fenomenolojilerle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnme zemini kurar.<\/li>\n
  2. Ana Temalar ve Ba\u015fl\u0131klar<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      \n
    1. Varl\u0131k ve Dil: “D\u0131r”\u0131n Farkl\u0131 Anlamlar\u0131<\/strong>
      \n\u00c7itil, Aristoteles\u2019in \u201cvarl\u0131k bir\u00e7ok anlamda s\u00f6ylenir\u201d ifadesinden hareketle, \u201cd\u0131r\u201d kipinin kategorik y\u00fcklemleme, ba\u011f\u0131nt\u0131, \u00f6zde\u015flik, benzerlik ve varsay\u0131msal yarg\u0131 gibi \u00e7ok say\u0131da anlam katman\u0131na sahip oldu\u011funu g\u00f6sterir.<\/li>\n
    2. Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00d6rne\u011fi ve Analojik Anlam<\/strong>
      \nSa\u011fl\u0131kla ilgili \u00e7e\u015fitli unsurlar\u0131n (hekim, beslenme, spor, meditasyon) nas\u0131l tek bir kavrama ba\u011fland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klayan Aristoteles, benzer bir analojiyle \u201cvarl\u0131k\u201d\u0131n da \u00e7e\u015fitli anlamlar\u0131n\u0131n merkezinde \u201ccevher\u201d kavram\u0131n\u0131n oldu\u011funu savunur.<\/li>\n
    3. Cevher ve \u00d6zel Adlar<\/strong>
      \n\u201cMevl\u00e2n\u00e2 Cel\u00e2ledd\u00een R\u00fbm\u00ee k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131d\u0131r\u201d gibi \u00f6rneklerle \u00f6zel adlar ve onlar\u0131n y\u00fcklemleme i\u00e7inde i\u015flevi ele al\u0131n\u0131r. \u00c7itil, cevherin ba\u015fka bir \u015feye y\u00fcklenemeyen ve kendine y\u00fckleme yap\u0131lan ontolojik yap\u0131 oldu\u011funu vurgular.<\/li>\n
    4. Ontoteoloji Ele\u015ftirisi ve Teos Kavram\u0131<\/strong>
      \nSeminerde Aristoteles\u2019in cevherden hareketle \u201cfiil olarak varl\u0131k\u201d anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131na ve bu ba\u011flamda Tanr\u0131 (teos) kavram\u0131na y\u00f6nelmesi, k\u0131ta felsefesinde yap\u0131lan onto-teolojik ele\u015ftiriler ba\u011flam\u0131nda tart\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131r.<\/li>\n
    5. Felsefede Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 Problemi ve Yarg\u0131n\u0131n Yap\u0131s\u0131<\/strong>
      \nParmenides\u2019ten ba\u015flayarak \u201cvarl\u0131kla nerede kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131r\u0131z?\u201d sorusuna verilen cevab\u0131n dilsel d\u00fczeyde oldu\u011funu belirten \u00c7itil, yarg\u0131 fiilleri ve y\u00fcklemlemeler arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla metafizi\u011fin dilsel temellerini serimlemeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
        \n
      1. Sonu\u00e7<\/strong>
        \nBu seminer, metafizi\u011fin yaln\u0131zca varl\u0131klar\u0131n ne oldu\u011fu de\u011fil, \u201cvar\u201d denilen \u015feyin hangi kipler i\u00e7inde dile geldi\u011fi sorusu etraf\u0131nda yeniden kurulmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini savunur. Aristoteles\u2019in d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc kitapla birlikte ba\u015flatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu ontolojik-dilsel sorgulama, sadece bir bilimsel s\u0131n\u0131flama de\u011fil, dilin ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncenin imk\u00e2nlar\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131karan derin bir metafiziksel \u00e7abad\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

         <\/p>\n

          \n
        1. Purpose and Content of the Seminar<\/strong>
          \nThis seminar marks the formal beginning of metaphysics in Aristotle\u2019s fourth book with the thesis: \u201cThere is a science that studies being as being.\u201d Ayhan \u00c7itil explores the different uses of the verb “is” (\u201cd\u0131r\u201d in Turkish), analyzing its various logical and ontological roles\u2014such as predication, relation, identity, resemblance, and hypothetical conditionals. Drawing on Parmenides, Plato, Wittgenstein, and phenomenological thinkers, he reconsiders the linguistic foundation of ontology.<\/li>\n
        2. Main Themes and Topics<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
            \n
          1. Being and Language: The Many Uses of “Is”<\/strong>
            \n\u00c7itil shows how the verb “is” takes on multiple meanings in different contexts: categorical predication, relational expressions, identity statements, hypothetical implications, and more.<\/li>\n
          2. Health Analogy and Analogical Meaning<\/strong>
            \nUsing Aristotle\u2019s health example, \u00c7itil explains how multiple expressions (doctors, diet, exercise) relate analogically to a central concept. In the same way, “being” refers analogically to various things, but is centered on “substance” (ousia<\/em>).<\/li>\n
          3. Substance and Proper Names<\/strong>
            \nThrough examples like \u201cRumi is red,\u201d \u00c7itil distinguishes between proper names and predicates. Substances are those entities which cannot be predicated of anything else but can carry predicates themselves.<\/li>\n
          4. Ontotheology and the Notion of Theos<\/em><\/strong>
            \nAristotle\u2019s transition from substance to an unmoved mover (theos<\/em>) is discussed in light of modern critiques of ontotheology. \u00c7itil reflects on how metaphysics exceeds ontology when it seeks ultimate grounds in divine being.<\/li>\n
          5. Beginning Philosophy: Predication and Judgment<\/strong>
            \nDrawing from Parmenides, the seminar explores how philosophical inquiry begins with acts of judgment and predication. \u201cBeing\u201d is not found in isolated things, but in the structure of assertions and linguistic acts.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
              \n
            1. Conclusion<\/strong>
              \nThis seminar reveals that metaphysics is not simply a study of what exists but a reflection on how existence is expressed in language. Aristotle\u2019s fourth book initiates an ontological-linguistic framework that undergirds all metaphysical inquiry, emphasizing the centrality of ousia<\/em> and the manifold meanings of being.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

               <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

              AYHAN \u00c7\u0130T\u0130L: AR\u0130STOTELES, METAF\u0130Z\u0130K OKUMALARI 23. SEM\u0130NER \u00d6ZET\u0130 Seminerin Amac\u0131 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-4857","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4857","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4857"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4857\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4858,"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4857\/revisions\/4858"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4857"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}