{"id":4939,"date":"2025-05-05T15:35:04","date_gmt":"2025-05-05T12:35:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/?page_id=4939"},"modified":"2025-05-05T15:35:04","modified_gmt":"2025-05-05T12:35:04","slug":"ayhan-citil-kant-okumalarisaf-aklin-elestirisi-1-seminer-ozeti","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/ayhan-citil-kant-okumalarisaf-aklin-elestirisi-1-seminer-ozeti\/","title":{"rendered":"AYHAN \u00c7\u0130T\u0130L: KANT OKUMALARI,SAF AKLIN ELE\u015eT\u0130R\u0130S\u0130 1. SEM\u0130NER \u00d6ZET\u0130"},"content":{"rendered":"

AYHAN \u00c7\u0130T\u0130L: KANT OKUMALARI,SAF AKLIN ELE\u015eT\u0130R\u0130S\u0130 1. SEM\u0130NER \u00d6ZET\u0130<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Seminerin Amac\u0131 ve \u0130\u00e7eri\u011fi
    \n<\/strong>Bu ilk seminer, Ayhan \u00c7itil\u2019in Saf Akl\u0131n Ele\u015ftirisi<\/em> \u00fczerine yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 okumalar\u0131n giri\u015fini olu\u015fturur. Kant\u2019\u0131n ele\u015ftirel d\u00f6nem \u00f6ncesindeki d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnsel geli\u015fimini ve \u201cele\u015ftirel \u00f6ncesi d\u00f6nem\u201d olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan s\u00fcreci anlamaya odaklan\u0131r. Do\u011frudan Saf Akl\u0131n Ele\u015ftirisi<\/em> metnine ge\u00e7meden \u00f6nce, Kant\u2019\u0131n erken d\u00f6nem eserleri, ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 entelekt\u00fcel \u00e7evre ve felsefi meseleleri ele al\u0131n\u0131r.<\/li>\n
  2. Ana Temalar ve Ba\u015fl\u0131klar<\/strong><\/li>\n
  3. Kant\u2019\u0131n Entelekt\u00fcel Arka Plan\u0131
    \n<\/strong>K\u00f6nigsberg\u2019deki e\u011fitimi, Newtoncu fizik ve metafizik kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceyle tan\u0131\u015fmas\u0131, \u00f6zellikle Martin Knutzen etkisiyle Kant\u2019\u0131n erken d\u00f6nemde hem do\u011fa felsefesine hem de metafizi\u011fe y\u00f6neldi\u011fi aktar\u0131l\u0131r. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 eserler Kant\u2019\u0131n \u201cele\u015ftirel \u00f6ncesi projesi\u201dnin par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n
  4. Ele\u015ftiri \u00d6ncesi Felsefi Proje
    \n<\/strong>1746-1770 aras\u0131nda Kant, fizik ve metafizi\u011fi birle\u015ftirme amac\u0131 g\u00fcden yo\u011fun bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnsel faaliyet y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcr. Do\u011fa Genel Tarihi<\/em>, Fiziksel Monadoloji<\/em> gibi eserlerde g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi, Kant fiziksel nedenlerle metafiziksel ilkeleri uzla\u015ft\u0131rmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r.<\/li>\n
  5. Metafizik ve Fiziksel D\u00fczenin B\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc
    \n<\/strong>Bu erken d\u00f6nemde Kant, \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck, ereklilik gibi metafizik kavramlarla mekanik nedenselli\u011fi birlikte d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmeyi hedefler. \u00d6zellikle kuvvet ve neden ili\u015fkisini hem matematiksel hem de metafiziksel d\u00fczeyde ele alma \u00e7abas\u0131 dikkat \u00e7eker.<\/li>\n
  6. Vis Viva Tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131
    \n<\/strong>Kant\u2019\u0131n ilk d\u00f6nem metinlerinden olan Canl\u0131 Kuvvet \u00dczerine D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceler<\/em> adl\u0131 yaz\u0131s\u0131, Leibnizci ve Kartezyen fizik aras\u0131nda s\u00fcregelen tart\u0131\u015fmaya odaklan\u0131r. Kant burada hem mv (momentum) hem mv\u00b2 (kinetik enerji) kavramlar\u0131n\u0131 uzla\u015ft\u0131rarak, fiziksel hesapla metafiziksel anlam aras\u0131nda ba\u011f kurmay\u0131 ama\u00e7lar.<\/li>\n
  7. Bu Projenin S\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 ve Ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131
    \n<\/strong>T\u00fcm bu \u00e7abaya ra\u011fmen Kant, metafizikle matemati\u011fi b\u00fct\u00fcnle\u015ftirme giri\u015fiminden sonu\u00e7 alamaz. Bu ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131k, onu ele\u015ftirel d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncenin zeminini kurmaya y\u00f6neltir. Ancak bu erken d\u00f6nemdeki bir\u00e7ok problematik ve kavramsal aray\u0131\u015f, ele\u015ftirel felsefede d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ferek varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcr.<\/li>\n
  8. Leibniz Ele\u015ftirisi ve Mek\u00e2n Anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131
    \n<\/strong>1768 tarihli Uygun Olmayan Benzer Par\u00e7alar \u00dczerine<\/em> ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 makale, Kant\u2019\u0131n Leibniz\u2019in mek\u00e2n anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 ele\u015ftirdi\u011fi \u00f6nemli bir d\u00f6n\u00fcm noktas\u0131d\u0131r. Bu metin, duyusal sezgi ile d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnsel kavray\u0131\u015f aras\u0131ndaki ge\u00e7i\u015fi ve Kant\u2019\u0131n ele\u015ftirel d\u00f6neme ge\u00e7i\u015fini haz\u0131rlar.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Sonu\u00e7
    \n<\/strong>Seminer, Kant\u2019\u0131n ele\u015ftirel d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesinin \u00f6nc\u00fcl ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131 anlamak i\u00e7in erken d\u00f6nem metinlerinin \u00f6nemini vurgular. Metafizik ile do\u011fa bilimini uzla\u015ft\u0131rma \u00e7abas\u0131n\u0131n neden ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z oldu\u011fu ve bu ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n nas\u0131l yeni bir felsefi d\u00f6neme zemin haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kapsaml\u0131 bi\u00e7imde tart\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

      \n
    1. Purpose and Content of the Seminar<\/strong>
      \nThis first seminar introduces Ayhan \u00c7itil\u2019s reading series on Kant\u2019s Critique of Pure Reason<\/em>, aiming to explore Kant’s philosophical development prior to his critical period. Instead of directly starting the Critique<\/em>, the focus is on understanding Kant\u2019s pre-critical works, intellectual context, and the foundational problems that led to the formation of his critical philosophy.<\/li>\n
    2. Main Themes and Headings<\/strong><\/li>\n
    3. Kant’s Intellectual Background<\/strong>
      \nKant\u2019s life and education in K\u00f6nigsberg are discussed, emphasizing his early exposure to Newtonian physics and anti-metaphysical thought through Martin Knutzen. Kant\u2019s early works, written long before his major critical publications, are part of a broader \u201cpre-critical project\u201d that attempted to unify metaphysics and natural science.<\/li>\n
    4. The Pre-Critical Project<\/strong>
      \nBetween 1746 and 1770, Kant pursued a series of philosophical and scientific inquiries aiming to integrate metaphysics with physics. This project culminated in numerous writings, such as Universal Natural History<\/em> and Physical Monadology<\/em>, where Kant tried to reconcile physical causality and metaphysical substance.<\/li>\n
    5. Metaphysics and Physics in Unity<\/strong>
      \nA central ambition in this early phase was to reconcile metaphysical concepts (like purpose and freedom) with mechanical physics. Kant attempted to explain how concepts like causality and force, typically addressed mathematically, could also hold metaphysical significance, especially in relation to human freedom and divine agency.<\/li>\n
    6. The Vis Viva Controversy<\/strong>
      \nThe seminar delves into Kant\u2019s early essay on the “living force” debate, a complex controversy between Cartesian and Leibnizian physics. Kant sought a synthesis between mv (momentum) and mv\u00b2 (kinetic energy) formulations, striving to merge mathematical and metaphysical approaches.<\/li>\n
    7. Limitations and Failures of the Early Project<\/strong>
      \nDespite Kant\u2019s efforts, the pre-critical project ultimately failed to resolve the tension between metaphysics and mathematics. This led Kant to abandon this line of thinking and shift towards a new approach, culminating in his Critique of Pure Reason<\/em>. However, many of the questions and concerns from this early phase continued to inform his mature work.<\/li>\n
    8. Leibniz and the Incongruent Counterparts<\/strong>
      \nThe seminar concludes with an analysis of Kant\u2019s 1768 paper on incongruent counterparts, where he criticizes Leibniz\u2019s understanding of space. This serves as a philosophical bridge from his early metaphysical interests to the critical turn, marking a move from spatial intuition toward transcendental reflection.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      Conclusion<\/strong>
      \nThis seminar highlights the importance of Kant\u2019s pre-critical period in shaping his later thought. By examining his early attempts to bridge metaphysics and science, the foundation is laid for understanding the radical transformation brought about in the Critique of Pure Reason<\/em>.<\/p>\n

       <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      AYHAN \u00c7\u0130T\u0130L: KANT OKUMALARI,SAF AKLIN ELE\u015eT\u0130R\u0130S\u0130 1. SEM\u0130NER \u00d6ZET\u0130   […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-4939","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4939","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4939"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4939\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4940,"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4939\/revisions\/4940"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4939"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}