{"id":4967,"date":"2025-05-05T15:45:40","date_gmt":"2025-05-05T12:45:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/?page_id=4967"},"modified":"2025-05-05T15:45:40","modified_gmt":"2025-05-05T12:45:40","slug":"ayhan-citil-kant-okumalarisaf-aklin-elestirisi-15-seminer-ozeti","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/ayhan-citil-kant-okumalarisaf-aklin-elestirisi-15-seminer-ozeti\/","title":{"rendered":"AYHAN \u00c7\u0130T\u0130L: KANT OKUMALARI,SAF AKLIN ELE\u015eT\u0130R\u0130S\u0130 15. SEM\u0130NER \u00d6ZET\u0130"},"content":{"rendered":"

AYHAN \u00c7\u0130T\u0130L: KANT OKUMALARI,SAF AKLIN ELE\u015eT\u0130R\u0130S\u0130 15. SEM\u0130NER \u00d6ZET\u0130<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Temel Konular:<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      \n
    1. Ded\u00fcksiyondan \u0130lkelere Analitik\u2019e Ge\u00e7i\u015f
      \n<\/strong>Seminer, Kant\u2019\u0131n saf kavramlar\u0131n (kategorilerin) ded\u00fcksiyonunu \u00f6zetleyerek ba\u015flar ve Saf Akl\u0131n Ele\u015ftirisi<\/em>\u2019nde \u201c\u0130lkelere Analitik\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ge\u00e7er. Kant, kategorilerin nas\u0131l nesnel ge\u00e7erlilik kazand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve fenomenlere nas\u0131l uygulanabildi\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131klar. Deneyimin g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015fle ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, fakat bu g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015flerin bilgiye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmesinin duyarl\u0131k, hayal g\u00fcc\u00fc ve apersepsiyon gibi yetiler sayesinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fini savunur.<\/li>\n
    2. Yarg\u0131 Yetisi ve Kural\u0131n Uygulanmas\u0131
      \n<\/strong>Kant, anlama (Verstand), yarg\u0131 (Urteilskraft) ve ak\u0131l (Vernunft) olmak \u00fczere \u00fc\u00e7 yetiden s\u00f6z eder. Yarg\u0131, tikeli t\u00fcmelin alt\u0131na yerle\u015ftirme (tazammun) yetisidir. Anlama kurallar koyar; yarg\u0131 ise bu kurallar\u0131 uygulama yetisidir. Kant\u2019a g\u00f6re yarg\u0131 \u00f6\u011fretilemez, yaln\u0131zca al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmayla kazan\u0131l\u0131r; bu nedenle sa\u011fduyu (sensus communis) ile ili\u015fkilidir. Yarg\u0131 yetisinden yoksunluk, e\u011fitilemeyen \u201cak\u0131ls\u0131zl\u0131k\u201d olarak tan\u0131mlan\u0131r.<\/li>\n
    3. Transandantal \u015eematizm ve Arac\u0131l\u0131k Problemi
      \n<\/strong>Seminerin merkezinde, saf kavramlar\u0131n (deneyimden ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olan) nas\u0131l olur da duyusal nesnelere uygulanabildi\u011fi sorusu yer al\u0131r. Kant bu sorunu \u201c\u015fema\u201d kavram\u0131yla \u00e7\u00f6zer. \u015eema, hayal g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn zaman temelli olarak \u00fcretti\u011fi ve kategori ile duyusal g\u00f6r\u00fc aras\u0131nda arac\u0131l\u0131k eden bir kurald\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin nicelik kategorisinin \u015femas\u0131, zaman i\u00e7inde art arda gelen \u00f6\u011felerin olu\u015fturdu\u011fu say\u0131d\u0131r. \u015eemalar g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc de\u011fil, zamansal i\u015fleyi\u015f bi\u00e7imleridir.<\/li>\n
    4. Ak\u0131l Yetisinin S\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 ve Transandantal Mant\u0131\u011f\u0131n Rol\u00fc
      \n<\/strong>Kant, saf akl\u0131n deneyim \u00f6tesine ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131n risklerine dikkat \u00e7eker. Transandantal mant\u0131k, yaln\u0131zca g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015flere ili\u015fkin bilgi \u00fcretir; akl\u0131n spek\u00fclatif (diyalektik) kullan\u0131m\u0131 ise yan\u0131lt\u0131c\u0131d\u0131r. Bu nedenle, anlay\u0131\u015f ve yarg\u0131 i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erli olan ilkeler, ak\u0131l i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erli de\u011fildir; \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc ak\u0131l nesne kurmaz, yaln\u0131zca \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131m yapar.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
        \n
      1. Sonu\u00e7:
        \n<\/strong>Bu seminer, Kant\u2019\u0131n bili\u015f yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturan yetileri ve bunlar\u0131n rollerini tart\u0131\u015f\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle yarg\u0131 yetisi ve \u015fematizme odaklanarak, kavramsal ile duyusal olan aras\u0131nda nas\u0131l bir k\u00f6pr\u00fc kuruldu\u011funu a\u00e7\u0131klar. \u015eematizm, kategorilerin zamansal g\u00f6r\u00fclerle ili\u015fki kurmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan temel i\u015flemdir. Bir sonraki seminerde her kategoriye kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k gelen \u00f6zel \u015femalar\u0131n ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131na ge\u00e7ilecektir.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

        \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Main Themes:<\/strong><\/p>\n

          \n
        1. From Deduction to Analytic of Principles<\/strong>
          \nThe seminar begins by summarizing the deduction of pure concepts (categories) and transitions into the “Analytic of Principles” in the Critique of Pure Reason<\/em>. Kant’s goal is to explain how categories can have objective validity and apply to appearances. He argues that while experience begins with appearances, the synthesis of these into knowledge depends on faculties such as sensibility, imagination, and apperception.<\/li>\n
        2. Judgment as Application of Rules<\/strong>
          \nKant distinguishes three faculties\u2014understanding (Verstand), judgment (Urteilskraft), and reason (Vernunft). Judgment is defined as the ability to subsume particulars under universals. While understanding provides rules (concepts), judgment applies them. Kant claims judgment cannot be taught, only exercised, linking it with “common sense” and even describing its absence as a form of \u201cstupidity\u201d that no education can remedy.<\/li>\n
        3. Transcendental Schematism and the Problem of Mediation<\/strong>
          \nA central theme is how pure concepts (which are non-empirical) can apply to sensible objects. Kant\u2019s solution is the notion of a schema<\/em>, a rule generated by the imagination that mediates between a category and appearances via time-determinations. For example, the schema of quantity is number, which represents successive addition in time. These schemata are not images but formal procedures by which categories relate to temporal intuitions.<\/li>\n
        4. Limits of Reason and the Role of Transcendental Logic<\/strong>
          \nKant warns against extending pure reason beyond experience, noting that transcendental logic cannot yield knowledge about objects beyond appearances. Hence, dialectical uses of reason (e.g., metaphysical speculation) are misleading. The seminar clarifies why analytic principles are possible for understanding and judgment, but not for reason, since reason does not contribute to the constitution of objects.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          Conclusion:<\/strong>
          \nThis session critically explores how Kant structures cognition through faculties and their respective roles, especially focusing on judgment and schematism. The schematism serves as a bridge between the conceptual and sensible, revealing Kant\u2019s intricate approach to grounding knowledge. The next steps will further articulate specific schemata for each category.<\/p>\n

           <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

          AYHAN \u00c7\u0130T\u0130L: KANT OKUMALARI,SAF AKLIN ELE\u015eT\u0130R\u0130S\u0130 15. SEM\u0130NER \u00d6ZET\u0130 Temel […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-4967","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4967","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4967"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4967\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4968,"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4967\/revisions\/4968"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4967"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}