{"id":5807,"date":"2025-05-18T09:56:00","date_gmt":"2025-05-18T06:56:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/?page_id=5807"},"modified":"2025-05-18T09:56:00","modified_gmt":"2025-05-18T06:56:00","slug":"esref-altas-razi-okumalari-muhassal-5-seminer-ozeti","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/esref-altas-razi-okumalari-muhassal-5-seminer-ozeti\/","title":{"rendered":"E\u015eREF ALTA\u015e, R\u00c2Z\u0130 OKUMALARI: MUHASSAL 5. SEM\u0130NER \u00d6ZET\u0130"},"content":{"rendered":"

E\u015eREF ALTA\u015e, R\u00c2Z\u0130 OKUMALARI: MUHASSAL 5. SEM\u0130NER \u00d6ZET\u0130<\/strong><\/p>\n

Seminerin Amac\u0131 ve \u0130\u00e7eri\u011fi<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bu seminer, Fahreddin R\u00e2z\u00ee\u2019nin bilgi teorisi ba\u011flam\u0131nda tasdik\u00e2t\u0131n (do\u011frulay\u0131c\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcmler) mahiyetini ve duyularla elde edilen bilginin ge\u00e7erlili\u011fini tart\u0131\u015f\u0131r. E\u015fref Alta\u015f, duyular\u0131n bilgi kayna\u011f\u0131 olup olamayaca\u011f\u0131, bu bilgilerin tasdik d\u00fczeyine ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131p ta\u015f\u0131namayaca\u011f\u0131 ve duyusal bilginin ele\u015ftirel s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 ortaya koyar. R\u00e2z\u00ee\u2019nin bu meseleye dair geli\u015ftirdi\u011fi tutum, hem kel\u00e2m\u00ee hem de felsef\u00ee yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n de\u011ferlendirilmesini i\u00e7erir.<\/p>\n

Ana Temalar<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Tasdik\u00e2t\u0131n Tan\u0131m\u0131 ve Rol\u00fc<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Tasdik, bir yarg\u0131n\u0131n do\u011fru veya yanl\u0131\u015f oldu\u011funa dair zihinsel kabul\u00fc ifade eder. Tasavvurdaki kavramla\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n \u00f6tesine ge\u00e7en tasdik, bilgiye dair kesin kanaatin kurucu unsurudur. R\u00e2z\u00ee, bilgiye ula\u015fmada tasdikin zorunlu oldu\u011funu vurgular.<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. Duyular ve Bilgi \u0130li\u015fkisi<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      R\u00e2z\u00ee\u2019ye g\u00f6re duyular ilk bilgi edinme arac\u0131d\u0131r; ancak bu bilgiler \u00e7o\u011fu zaman yan\u0131lt\u0131c\u0131 olabilir. G\u00f6rme, i\u015fitme, dokunma gibi duyular, d\u0131\u015f d\u00fcnyaya dair izlenimler sa\u011flasa da, bunlar\u0131n do\u011frulu\u011fu mutlak de\u011fildir. Bu nedenle duyusal verilerin ele\u015ftirel s\u00fczge\u00e7ten ge\u00e7irilmesi gerekir.<\/p>\n

        \n
      1. Duyular\u0131n Aldat\u0131c\u0131 Olma Potansiyeli<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        R\u00e2z\u00ee, duyular\u0131n yan\u0131lt\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na ili\u015fkin \u00e7e\u015fitli \u00f6rnekler verir: d\u00fcz bir \u00e7ubu\u011fun suda k\u0131r\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fcnmesi, d\u00f6nen nesnelerin sabit gibi alg\u0131lanmas\u0131 vb. Bu \u00f6rnekler, duyular\u0131n \u201cg\u00f6r\u00fcnen\u201d ile \u201cger\u00e7ek\u201d aras\u0131nda her zaman tutarl\u0131l\u0131k sa\u011flamad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ortaya koyar.<\/p>\n

          \n
        1. Ak\u0131l ve Tasdik \u0130li\u015fkisi<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          Duyusal veriler tek ba\u015f\u0131na bilgi \u00fcretmekte yetersizdir; ak\u0131l, bu verileri de\u011ferlendirerek tasdike d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrmelidir. R\u00e2z\u00ee, akl\u0131 hem duyular\u0131n denetleyicisi hem de tasdik s\u00fcrecinin nihai hakemi olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcr. B\u00f6ylece bilgi ancak ak\u0131l ile do\u011frulanm\u0131\u015f duyusal temellere dayan\u0131r.<\/p>\n

            \n
          1. Kel\u00e2mc\u0131 ve Felsef\u00ee Yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n Ele\u015ftirisi<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

            Baz\u0131 kel\u00e2mc\u0131lar duyular\u0131 t\u00fcm\u00fcyle reddederken, filozoflar onlar\u0131 mutlakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r. R\u00e2z\u00ee bu iki u\u00e7 yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 da ele\u015ftirir. Ona g\u00f6re duyular ne tamamen g\u00fcvenilmezdir ne de mutlak g\u00fcvene lay\u0131kt\u0131r; ak\u0131lla dengelenmeleri gerekir.<\/p>\n

            Sonu\u00e7<\/strong><\/p>\n

              \n
            1. seminer, tasdik kavram\u0131 ve duyular\u0131n bilgiye katk\u0131s\u0131 \u00fczerinden R\u00e2z\u00ee\u2019nin bilgi anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n temel ilkelerini ortaya koyar. R\u00e2z\u00ee, ele\u015ftirel bir yakla\u015f\u0131mla duyusal bilgiyi s\u0131n\u0131rlar ve akl\u0131 epistemolojik s\u00fcrecin merkezine yerle\u015ftirir.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

               <\/p>\n

              Seminar Aim and Content<\/strong><\/p>\n

              This seminar examines the nature of assent (ta\u1e63d\u012bq) in the context of Fakhr al-D\u012bn al-R\u0101z\u012b\u2019s epistemology, focusing in particular on the reliability and limits of sense perception. E\u015fref Alta\u015f evaluates whether sensory data can serve as a source of certain knowledge and how such data may or may not be elevated to the level of rational assent. R\u0101z\u012b\u2019s position is analyzed against both theological (kal\u0101m) and philosophical approaches.<\/p>\n

              Main Themes<\/strong><\/p>\n

                \n
              1. Definition and Function of Assent (Ta\u1e63d\u012bq)<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                Assent is the mental affirmation that a judgment is either true or false. Unlike mere conceptualization, assent constitutes a firm conviction regarding the truth of a proposition. R\u0101z\u012b sees assent as indispensable for attaining knowledge.<\/p>\n

                  \n
                1. The Role of the Senses in Knowledge Acquisition<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                  While the senses provide initial data, R\u0101z\u012b cautions that this information is not always reliable. Perception through sight, hearing, or touch offers impressions of the external world, but these impressions must be critically examined before being accepted as knowledge.<\/p>\n

                    \n
                  1. The Deceptive Potential of the Senses<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                    R\u0101z\u012b presents examples to illustrate how the senses can deceive\u2014such as a straight stick appearing bent in water, or moving objects appearing stationary. These examples show the gap between appearance and reality, revealing the limitations of sense perception.<\/p>\n

                      \n
                    1. The Role of Reason in the Process of Assent<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                      Reason must evaluate and validate sensory data. The senses alone cannot yield certain knowledge; only when filtered and confirmed by reason can such data contribute to true assent. R\u0101z\u012b therefore places reason at the center of the epistemological process.<\/p>\n

                        \n
                      1. Critique of Theological and Philosophical Extremes<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                        Some theologians dismiss the senses entirely, while certain philosophers place absolute trust in them. R\u0101z\u012b critiques both extremes, asserting that the senses are neither wholly unreliable nor completely trustworthy. Their outputs must be balanced by rational judgment.<\/p>\n

                        Conclusion<\/strong><\/p>\n

                        Seminar 5 highlights R\u0101z\u012b\u2019s critical epistemological approach: while sense perception plays an important role in acquiring knowledge, it must be evaluated by reason to form valid assent. R\u0101z\u012b establishes a middle path that places the intellect at the core of knowledge verification.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                        E\u015eREF ALTA\u015e, R\u00c2Z\u0130 OKUMALARI: MUHASSAL 5. SEM\u0130NER \u00d6ZET\u0130 Seminerin Amac\u0131 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-5807","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5807","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5807"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5807\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5808,"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5807\/revisions\/5808"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5807"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}