{"id":5884,"date":"2025-05-19T16:39:28","date_gmt":"2025-05-19T13:39:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/?page_id=5884"},"modified":"2025-05-19T16:39:28","modified_gmt":"2025-05-19T13:39:28","slug":"esref-altas-razi-okumalari-muhassal-44-seminer-ozeti","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/esref-altas-razi-okumalari-muhassal-44-seminer-ozeti\/","title":{"rendered":"E\u015eREF ALTA\u015e, R\u00c2Z\u0130 OKUMALARI: MUHASSAL 44. SEM\u0130NER \u00d6ZET\u0130"},"content":{"rendered":"

E\u015eREF ALTA\u015e, R\u00c2Z\u0130 OKUMALARI: MUHASSAL 44. SEM\u0130NER \u00d6ZET\u0130<\/strong><\/p>\n

Dersin Amac\u0131 ve \u0130\u00e7eri\u011fi<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bu seminerde Fahreddin er-R\u00e2z\u00ee\u2019nin el-Mu\u1e25a\u1e63\u1e63al adl\u0131 eserinde \u201cilim\u201d ve \u201ckudret\u201d s\u0131fatlar\u0131n\u0131n taalluk alanlar\u0131, yani nelere ve nas\u0131l y\u00f6neldi\u011fi konusu tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Seminer, klasik kel\u00e2mda Tanr\u0131\u2019n\u0131n bilgi ve kudretinin s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131, neye kadir olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve neleri bildi\u011fini belirleyen akl\u00ee ve nakl\u00ee temelleri irdelemektedir. \u00d6zellikle tikeller, yokluklar, gelecekteki fiiller ve sonsuzluk gibi zihin zorlayan konular, hem Mu\u2018tezil\u00ee hem de filozof yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 ele\u015ftirel bir bak\u0131\u015fla de\u011ferlendirilerek a\u00e7\u0131klan\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Ana Temalar<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Beka S\u0131fat\u0131 Tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 ve Z\u00e2t-S\u0131fat \u0130li\u015fkisi<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Seminerin ba\u015f\u0131nda Allah\u2019\u0131n beka s\u0131fat\u0131 klasik selb\u00ee s\u0131fatlar ba\u011flam\u0131nda de\u011fil, s\u00fcb\u00fbt\u00ee s\u0131fat olarak ele al\u0131n\u0131r. E\u015f\u2018ar\u00ee gelene\u011finde bekan\u0131n ayr\u0131 bir s\u0131fat olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 tart\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131rken, R\u00e2z\u00ee, bekay\u0131 Allah\u2019\u0131n z\u00e2t\u0131na eklenen bir anlam olarak de\u011fil, z\u00e2t\u0131n\u0131n gere\u011fi olarak kabul eder.<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. Allah\u2019\u0131n Bilgi S\u0131fat\u0131n\u0131n Taalluk Alan\u0131<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      \u201cAllah b\u00fct\u00fcn bilinenleri bilir\u201d \u00f6nermesinin ne anlama geldi\u011fi sekiz farkl\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f \u00fczerinden tart\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131r. Allah\u2019\u0131n sadece zat\u0131n\u0131 m\u0131, yoksa tikelleri, gayb\u0131, yokluklar\u0131, imk\u00e2ns\u0131zlar\u0131 da m\u0131 bildi\u011fi sorusu etraf\u0131nda \u00e7e\u015fitli itirazlar ve cevaplar verilir. Bilginin izaf\u00ee ya da suret \u015feklinde tan\u0131mlanmas\u0131n\u0131n do\u011furdu\u011fu problemler R\u00e2z\u00ee taraf\u0131ndan ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bi\u00e7imde i\u015flenir.<\/p>\n

        \n
      1. Gelecek Fiillerin Bilgisi ve Cebr Sorunu<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        Allah\u2019\u0131n gelecekteki tikelleri bilip bilmedi\u011fi sorusu, \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck-cebr ikilemi ba\u011flam\u0131nda tart\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131r. Bilinenin zorunlu olarak ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesi gerekti\u011fi y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki itirazlara kar\u015f\u0131 R\u00e2z\u00ee, bilginin de\u011fi\u015fimi zorunlu k\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, Allah\u2019\u0131n ezel\u00ee bilgisiyle fiillerin tahakkukuna bir cebr \u00fcretmeden temas etti\u011fini savunur.<\/p>\n

          \n
        1. Sonsuz Bilgi Tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          \u201cAllah sonsuz \u015feyleri bilir mi?\u201d sorusu, sonsuzluk fikrinin bilgiye uygulanabilirli\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan irdelenir. Bilinenlerin sonsuzlu\u011fu, bilginin sonsuz tekrar\u0131 gibi meseleler R\u00e2z\u00ee taraf\u0131ndan tek bilgi s\u0131fat\u0131n\u0131n farkl\u0131 taalluklarla a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131 yoluyla \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

            \n
          1. Kudretin Taalluk Alan\u0131 ve \u0130mk\u00e2ns\u0131zl\u0131klar<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

            Allah\u2019\u0131n kudreti neye taalluk eder? R\u00e2z\u00ee, kudretin yaln\u0131zca m\u00fcmk\u00fcn varl\u0131klara y\u00f6neldi\u011fini, imk\u00e2ns\u0131zlara veya zorunlulara y\u00f6nelmesinin mant\u0131ksal olarak tutars\u0131z olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtir. Kudretin k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fcklere ya da cehalet gibi \u201c\u00e7irkin\u201d fiillere taalluk edip etmeyece\u011fi tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131nda ise, kudretin s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Allah\u2019\u0131n m\u00fclk sahibi olu\u015fuyla gerek\u00e7elendirilir.<\/p>\n

            Sonu\u00e7<\/strong><\/p>\n

            Bu seminer, klasik kel\u00e2m\u0131n en karma\u015f\u0131k meselelerinden olan ilim ve kudret s\u0131fatlar\u0131n\u0131n kapsam\u0131n\u0131 derinlemesine tart\u0131\u015f\u0131r. R\u00e2z\u00ee\u2019nin yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131, hem Mu\u2018tezile hem de felsef\u00ee yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 titizlikle de\u011ferlendirerek E\u015f\u2018ar\u00ee \u00e7izgide rasyonel bir a\u00e7\u0131klama \u00fcretmeyi hedefler. Tart\u0131\u015fmalar, \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f epistemoloji ve ilahiyat sorunlar\u0131na da \u0131\u015f\u0131k tutacak bi\u00e7imde yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

             <\/p>\n

            Seminar Purpose and Content<\/strong><\/p>\n

            This seminar examines the scope and implications of the divine attributes of knowledge (\u02bfilm) and power (qudra) as presented in Fakhr al-D\u012bn al-R\u0101z\u012b\u2019s al-Mu\u1e25a\u1e63\u1e63al. It analyzes what kinds of things God’s knowledge and power relate to (ta\u02bfalluq), including abstract entities, contingents, impossibilities, and future events. The session offers a critical comparison between Mu\u02bftazilite, Ash\u02bfarite, and philosophical perspectives, addressing complex theological concerns such as determinism, divine omniscience, and the knowability of infinite or non-existent things.<\/p>\n

            Key Themes<\/strong><\/p>\n

              \n
            1. The Debate on God’s Attribute of Everlastingness (Baq\u0101<\/strong>\u02be<\/strong>)<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

              Unlike traditional treatment as a negative attribute, R\u0101z\u012b evaluates baq\u0101\u02be as a possible affirmative attribute. He questions whether it should be considered a distinct attribute or an inherent quality of divine essence. Ultimately, he aligns with the view that God’s permanence is not an added quality but a necessary property of His essence.<\/p>\n

                \n
              1. The Scope of God\u2019s Knowledge<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                R\u0101z\u012b explores the assertion that \u201cGod knows all things\u201d through eight distinct theological views. The discussion focuses on whether God knows only Himself, or also particulars, contingents, non-existent things, and logical impossibilities. He critiques the Mu\u02bftazilite and philosophical positions that restrict God\u2019s knowledge and defends the view that divine knowledge encompasses everything without qualification.<\/p>\n

                  \n
                1. Knowledge of Future Acts and the Problem of Predestination<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                  R\u0101z\u012b addresses the tension between divine foreknowledge and human free will. He refutes the objection that foreknowledge necessitates determinism by arguing that knowledge follows the known (al-\u02bfilm t\u0101bi\u02bf li-l-ma\u02bfl\u016bm) and does not cause it. Thus, God\u2019s eternal knowledge of future acts does not impose compulsion or violate human moral responsibility.<\/p>\n

                    \n
                  1. God\u2019s Knowledge of the Infinite<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                    Is it possible for God to know an actual infinity? R\u0101z\u012b examines whether infinite knowledge results in an infinite multiplicity of internal representations. He resolves this by proposing that a single eternal attribute of knowledge can relate to infinitely many known objects through different modes of ta\u02bfalluq.<\/p>\n

                      \n
                    1. The Scope of Divine Power and Its Limits<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                      R\u0101z\u012b argues that God’s power applies only to the possible\u2014not to logical impossibilities or necessary beings. The question of whether power can extend to evil, ignorance, or morally base acts is examined. R\u0101z\u012b explains that while God has the power over all contingent realities, His will restricts the actualization of certain things, thus preserving divine wisdom and justice<\/p>\n

                      Conclusion<\/strong><\/p>\n

                      This seminar offers a detailed theological analysis of the objects and limits of God\u2019s knowledge and power. R\u0101z\u012b\u2019s treatment of these issues reflects a sophisticated Ash\u02bfarite methodology that balances rational inquiry with revealed truths. His engagement with Mu\u02bftazilite and philosophical objections provides clarity to foundational questions in classical Islamic theology and remains relevant for contemporary debates on divine omniscience and omnipotence.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                      E\u015eREF ALTA\u015e, R\u00c2Z\u0130 OKUMALARI: MUHASSAL 44. SEM\u0130NER \u00d6ZET\u0130 Dersin Amac\u0131 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-5884","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5884","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5884"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5884\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5885,"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5884\/revisions\/5885"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5884"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}