{"id":6026,"date":"2025-06-03T13:57:03","date_gmt":"2025-06-03T10:57:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/?page_id=6026"},"modified":"2025-06-03T13:57:03","modified_gmt":"2025-06-03T10:57:03","slug":"abdurrahim-kozali-el-muvafakat-29-seminer-ozeti","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/abdurrahim-kozali-el-muvafakat-29-seminer-ozeti\/","title":{"rendered":"ABDURRAH\u0130M KOZALI: el-MUV\u00c2FAK\u00c2T 29. SEM\u0130NER \u00d6ZET\u0130"},"content":{"rendered":"

ABDURRAH\u0130M KOZALI: el-MUV\u00c2FAK\u00c2T 29. SEM\u0130NER \u00d6ZET\u0130<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Ana Temalar ve Ba\u015fl\u0131klar:<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Maslahat\u0131n Uhrev\u00ee Boyutu ve \u015eeriat\u0131n Gayesi<\/strong>
    \n\u015e\u00e2t\u0131b\u00ee\u2019ye g\u00f6re \u015feri h\u00fck\u00fcmlerin de\u011ferlendirilmesinde sadece d\u00fcnyev\u00ee fayda de\u011fil, uhrev\u00ee maslahat da dikkate al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r. Maslahat\u0131 haz, menfaat veya hev\u00e2 merkezli de\u011ferlendirmek eksik kal\u0131r. \u015eeriat, d\u00fcnya hayat\u0131n\u0131 ahiret i\u00e7in bir ara\u00e7 olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcr; bu \u00e7er\u00e7evede maslahat\u0131n i\u00e7eri\u011fi belirlenir.<\/li>\n
  2. Zaruriyy\u00e2t-\u0131 Hamse ve Hiyerar\u015fik S\u0131ralama<\/strong>
    \n\u015e\u00e2t\u0131b\u00ee, zarur\u00ee be\u015fli i\u00e7inde (din, can, mal, ak\u0131l, nesil) bir hiyerar\u015fi kurar. Din, can\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne konur; bu nedenle maslahat tayininde din eksenli de\u011ferlendirme yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu anlay\u0131\u015f, maslahat\u0131n uhrev\u00ee temelli oldu\u011funu bir kez daha teyit eder.<\/li>\n
  3. Maslahat\u0131n Kayna\u011f\u0131: Hev\u00e2 m\u0131, \u015e\u00e2ri\u2018 mi?<\/strong>
    \nMaslahat\u0131 hev\u00e2 (nefsan\u00ee arzu) temelli tespit etmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. Akl-\u0131 selim bile dini normlar olmaks\u0131z\u0131n hev\u00e2n\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini kabul eder. Maslahat ancak \u015f\u00e2ri\u2018in bildirimi ve uhrev\u00ee maksatlar\u0131 g\u00f6zeterek belirlenebilir.<\/li>\n
  4. R\u00e2z\u00ee, Kar\u00e2f\u00ee ve \u0130zz b. Abd\u00fcssel\u00e2m \u00dczerinden Ele\u015ftirel Tart\u0131\u015fmalar<\/strong>
    \nR\u00e2z\u00ee\u2019nin \u201cyararl\u0131 olan m\u00fcbah, zararl\u0131 olan haramd\u0131r\u201d yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131; Kar\u00e2f\u00ee\u2019nin \u201cn\u00f6tr fiil yoktur\u201d arg\u00fcman\u0131 ve \u0130zz b. Abd\u00fcssel\u00e2m\u2019\u0131n \u201cuhrev\u00ee maslahatlar sadece nakille bilinir\u201d g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc \u015e\u00e2t\u0131b\u00ee taraf\u0131ndan ele\u015ftirilir. O, istikra y\u00f6ntemine dayal\u0131 pratik g\u00f6zleme dayanan bir istidl\u00e2li savunur.<\/li>\n
  5. M\u00fctevatir ve \u0130cm\u00e2 Delillerinin S\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131<\/strong>
    \n\u015e\u00e2t\u0131b\u00ee, \u015feriat\u0131n maslahat ama\u00e7l\u0131 oldu\u011funa dair kat\u2018\u00ee delilin m\u00fctevatir ya da icm\u00e2 ile ispat edilemeyece\u011fini savunur. Bunun yerine \u201cmanev\u00ee istikra\u201d (anlamsal t\u00fcmevar\u0131m) y\u00f6ntemini \u00f6nerir. \u00d6rnek olarak H\u00e2tim\u2019in c\u00f6mertli\u011fi, Hz. Ali\u2019nin cesareti gibi tarih\u00ee verilerle istikrar\u00ee bilgiye ula\u015fmay\u0131 \u00f6rnek verir.<\/li>\n
  6. Maslahat ve \u0130\u00e7tihad\u0131n Do\u011frulu\u011fu Meselesi<\/strong>
    \nKar\u00e2f\u00ee ve \u0130zz b. Abd\u00fcssel\u00e2m\u2019a g\u00f6re maslahat varsa yaln\u0131zca bir i\u00e7tihat do\u011frudur. \u015e\u00e2t\u0131b\u00ee ise hem \u201cmuhatt\u00eeye\u201d (tek do\u011fru) hem \u201cmusavvibe\u201d (her i\u00e7tihad do\u011frudur) g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerini maslahat temelli a\u00e7\u0131klayabilece\u011fini savunur. Ona g\u00f6re h\u00fck\u00fcmle maslahat aras\u0131nda ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz bir ba\u011f vard\u0131r.<\/li>\n
  7. T\u00fcmel-Tikel \u0130li\u015fkisi ve \u0130stisnalar\u0131n Yorumu<\/strong>
    \nHer k\u00fclli h\u00fck\u00fcm baz\u0131 istisnalar bar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131r; ancak bunlar k\u00fclli kural\u0131 bozmaz. \u015e\u00e2t\u0131b\u00ee, akl\u00ee ve vaz\u2019\u00ee t\u00fcmeller aras\u0131ndaki fark\u0131 ortaya koyar ve istisnalar\u0131n k\u00fcllinin ge\u00e7erlili\u011fine zarar vermeyece\u011fini belirtir. Ayn\u0131 zamanda tikellerin de do\u011frudan maksut oldu\u011funu vurgular.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

     <\/p>\n

    Sonu\u00e7:<\/strong><\/p>\n

      \n
    1. seminer, makas\u0131t teorisinin temellerini tart\u0131\u015fmaya a\u00e7ar: Maslahat\u0131n uhrev\u00ee boyutu, normatif d\u00fczenin kayna\u011f\u0131 ve teolojik-felsef\u00ee sorunlar, \u015e\u00e2t\u0131b\u00ee\u2019nin istikra ve maksat merkezli yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131yla ele al\u0131n\u0131r. Bu seminerle birlikte makas\u0131t teorisinin ilk ana b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc tamamlan\u0131r ve \u015e\u00e2t\u0131b\u00ee\u2019nin teklif etti\u011fi hukuk-ahlak b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc daha da belirginle\u015fir.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

       <\/p>\n

      Main Themes and Headings:<\/strong><\/p>\n

        \n
      1. The Eschatological Dimension of Maslaha and the Goal of Shar\u012b<\/strong>\u02bfa<\/strong>
        \nSh\u0101\u1e6dib\u012b maintains that the evaluation of legal rulings must account not only for worldly benefit but also for their implications in the Hereafter. Reducing ma\u1e63la<\/em>\u1e25a<\/em> to mere pleasure, utility, or desire is insufficient. In Shar\u012b\u02bfa, worldly life is subordinated to the afterlife, and ma\u1e63la<\/em>\u1e25a<\/em> is defined accordingly.<\/li>\n
      2. Hierarchy Within the Five Necessities (<\/strong>\u1e0car\u016briyy\u0101t al-Khams)<\/strong>
        \nSh\u0101\u1e6dib\u012b argues for a prioritization within the five essentials\u2014religion, life, property, intellect, and lineage\u2014placing religion at the top. Thus, legal benefit should be determined through a religious lens, reaffirming the eschatological foundation of ma\u1e63la<\/em>\u1e25a<\/em>.<\/li>\n
      3. Source of Benefit: Desire or Divine Will?<\/strong>
        \nMa\u1e63la<\/em>\u1e25a<\/em> cannot be determined based on haw\u0101<\/em> (carnal desire). Even sound reason acknowledges the need to restrain unchecked desire. True benefit can only be identified through divine revelation and consideration of the Lawgiver\u2019s eschatological objectives.<\/li>\n
      4. Critical Engagement with R\u0101z\u012b, Qar\u0101f\u012b, and <\/strong>\u02bfIzz ibn <\/strong>\u02bfAbd al-Sal<\/strong>\u0101m<\/strong>
        \nSh\u0101\u1e6dib\u012b critiques R\u0101z\u012b\u2019s claim that utility implies permissibility, Qar\u0101f\u012b\u2019s denial of morally neutral acts, and \u02bfIzz ibn \u02bfAbd al-Sal\u0101m\u2019s view that eschatological ma\u1e63la<\/em>\u1e25a<\/em> is only knowable through text. Instead, he advocates inductive reasoning (istikr\u0101<\/em>\u02be<\/em>) based on practical observation of divine patterns.<\/li>\n
      5. Limits of Taw\u0101tur and Consensus as Proofs<\/strong>
        \nSh\u0101\u1e6dib\u012b contends that neither mass transmission (taw\u0101tur) nor scholarly consensus (ijm\u0101<\/em>\u02bf<\/em>) can definitively establish the purposive nature of Shar\u012b\u02bfa. Instead, he relies on ma<\/em>\u02bfnaw<\/em>\u012b istikr<\/em>\u0101<\/em>\u02be<\/em> (qualitative induction), drawing analogies from moral traits like \u1e24\u0101tim\u2019s generosity or \u02bfAl\u012b\u2019s courage.<\/li>\n
      6. Truth in Ijtih\u0101d and the Role of Maslaha<\/strong>
        \nContrary to Qar\u0101f\u012b and \u02bfIzz, who believe only one correct ijtih\u0101d exists per issue, Sh\u0101\u1e6dib\u012b argues that both exclusive truth (mu<\/em>\u1e25a<\/em>\u1e6d\u1e6di<\/em>\u02bea<\/em>) and multiple-validity (mu\u1e63awwiba<\/em>) views can be supported via ma\u1e63la<\/em>\u1e25a<\/em>. For him, legal rulings are necessarily bound to realized benefit.<\/li>\n
      7. General Rules and Particular Exceptions<\/strong>
        \nUniversal legal maxims often have exceptions, but these do not invalidate the rule. Sh\u0101\u1e6dib\u012b differentiates between rational and revealed universals and holds that exceptions do not undermine the legitimacy of general principles. Particular rulings can still serve as intended objectives.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

         <\/p>\n

        Conclusion:<\/strong><\/p>\n

        The 29th seminar critically develops the foundations of Sh\u0101\u1e6dib\u012b\u2019s maq\u0101\u1e63id theory. Emphasizing the afterlife, revelation-based benefit, and the function of induction, Sh\u0101\u1e6dib\u012b offers an integrated model that bridges legal, theological, and moral domains. This marks the completion of the first major phase of his maq\u0101\u1e63id framework, further illuminating his ethicized vision of Shar\u012b\u02bfa.<\/p>\n

         <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

        ABDURRAH\u0130M KOZALI: el-MUV\u00c2FAK\u00c2T 29. SEM\u0130NER \u00d6ZET\u0130 Ana Temalar ve Ba\u015fl\u0131klar: […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-6026","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6026","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6026"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6026\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6027,"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6026\/revisions\/6027"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6026"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}