{"id":7100,"date":"2025-10-27T15:23:32","date_gmt":"2025-10-27T12:23:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/?page_id=7100"},"modified":"2025-10-27T15:23:32","modified_gmt":"2025-10-27T12:23:32","slug":"arapca-i-seviye-dersleri-59-seminer-ozeti","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/arapca-i-seviye-dersleri-59-seminer-ozeti\/","title":{"rendered":"ARAP\u00c7A I. SEV\u0130YE DERSLER\u0130 59. SEM\u0130NER \u00d6ZET\u0130"},"content":{"rendered":"

ARAP\u00c7A I. SEV\u0130YE DERSLER\u0130 59. SEM\u0130NER \u00d6ZET\u0130<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Seminerin Amac\u0131 ve \u00d6zeti<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Bu dersin amac\u0131, Arap\u00e7ada en s\u0131k kullan\u0131lan harf-i cerlerden biri olan \u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0649 (al\u00e2) edat\u0131n\u0131n i\u015flevini, anlam alanlar\u0131n\u0131 ve c\u00fcmledeki irab etkisini \u00f6\u011fretmektir. Daha \u00f6nceki derste \u201c\u0641\u0650\u064a\u201d harf-i ceri incelenmi\u015f, \u201ci\u00e7inde bulunma\u201d anlam\u0131 \u00fczerinde durulmu\u015ftu. Bu derste ise, al\u00e2 harf-i cerinin \u201c\u00fcst\u00fcnde, \u00fczerinde, -de\/-da\u201d anlamlar\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve bir varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n ba\u015fka bir \u015feyin y\u00fczeyiyle temas halinde bulunmas\u0131n\u0131 ifade etti\u011fi vurgulanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Ana Temalar<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Harf-i Cerin Temel \u00d6zelli\u011fi ve \u0130rab Etkisi<\/span><\/p>\n

Harf-i cerler tek ba\u015flar\u0131na anlam ta\u015f\u0131mazlar; anlamlar\u0131n\u0131 kendilerinden sonra gelen isimlerle birlikte kazan\u0131rlar. Bu isimleri daima mecr\u00fbr (kesreli) h\u00e2le getirirler. \u201cCer\u201d kelimesi \u201ca\u015fa\u011f\u0131 \u00e7ekmek\u201d anlam\u0131ndad\u0131r; dolay\u0131s\u0131yla harf-i cer, kendinden sonraki ismin son harekesini a\u015fa\u011f\u0131ya \u00e7eker.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Al\u00e2 Harf-i Cerinin Anlam\u0131 ve Kullan\u0131m\u0131<\/span><\/p>\n

Al\u00e2 genellikle \u201c\u00fczerinde, \u00fcst\u00fcnde, -de\/-da\u201d anlam\u0131 verir:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0639\u0627\u0645\u064f \u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629\u0650 \u2013 \u201cYemek sofradad\u0131r.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f\u064f \u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629\u0650 \u2013 \u201cParalar masadad\u0131r.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u064f\u0643\u0651\u064e\u0627\u0628\u064f \u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u064e\u0635\u064a\u0641\u0650 \u2013 \u201cYolcular kald\u0131r\u0131mdad\u0131r.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Bu \u00f6rneklerde al\u00e2 harf-i ceri, kendisinden sonraki ismi mecr\u00fbr yapar ve c\u00fcmlenin haber \u00f6gesi g\u00f6revini \u00fcstlenir.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Al\u00e2 ve El Tak\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n Etkile\u015fimi<\/span><\/p>\n

E\u011fer al\u00e2 harf-i cerinden sonra elif-l\u00e2ml\u0131 (marife) bir isim gelirse, okunu\u015fta \u201cal\u00e2 el\u201d birle\u015fir ve \u201calel\u201d \u015feklinde telaffuz edilir:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0652\u0623\u064e\u0642\u0652\u0644\u064e\u0627\u0645\u064f \u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0645\u064e\u0643\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0628\u0650 \u2192 \u201cKalemler masan\u0131n \u00fczerindedir.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k, nekra (belirsiz) bir isim geldi\u011finde \u201cal\u00e2\u201d uzat\u0131larak okunur:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0652\u0623\u064e\u0642\u0652\u0644\u064e\u0627\u0645\u064f \u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0649 \u0645\u064e\u0643\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0628\u064d \u2192 \u201cKalemler bir masan\u0131n \u00fczerindedir.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Bu fark, hem fonetik hem de gramer bak\u0131m\u0131ndan dikkat edilmesi gereken bir noktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u015eibh-i C\u00fcmle Bi\u00e7iminde Haber Kullan\u0131m\u0131<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cAl\u00e2\u201d ile ba\u015flayan harf-i cerli ifadeler, c\u00fcmlede \u015fibh-i c\u00fcmle (yar\u0131 c\u00fcmle) olu\u015fturur. Bu yap\u0131, m\u00fcptedan\u0131n haberi g\u00f6revindedir. \u015eibh-i c\u00fcmleler mahallen merf\u00fb kabul edilir; yani haber \u00f6gesi \u00fczerinde damme aranmaz.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0652\u0641\u064e\u0627\u0643\u0650\u0647\u064e\u0629\u064f \u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0651\u064e\u0628\u064e\u0642\u0650 \u2013 \u201cMeyveler taba\u011f\u0131n \u00fczerindedir.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0652\u0645\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0627\u0628\u0650\u0633\u064f \u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064e\u0631\u0650\u064a\u0631\u0650 \u2013 \u201cElbiseler yata\u011f\u0131n \u00fczerindedir.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0652\u0643\u064f\u062a\u064f\u0628\u064f \u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u064f\u0641\u064f\u0648\u0641\u0650 \u2013 \u201cKitaplar raflardad\u0131r.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Bu \u00f6rneklerde \u201cal\u00e2 + mecr\u00fbr isim\u201d birle\u015fimi, haberin tamam\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturur.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Cinsiyet ve Say\u0131 Uyumu Aranmamas\u0131<\/span><\/p>\n

\u015eibh-i c\u00fcmle \u015feklindeki haberlerde m\u00fcpteda ile haber aras\u0131nda cinsiyet veya say\u0131 uyumu aranmaz.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0652\u0645\u064f\u0633\u0652\u0644\u0650\u0645\u064f\u0648\u0646\u064e \u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0645\u0650\u0646\u0652\u0628\u064e\u0631\u0650 \u2013 \u201cM\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar minberdedir.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0652\u0645\u064f\u0645\u064e\u0631\u0651\u0650\u0636\u064e\u0627\u062a\u064f \u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0641\u0650\u0631\u064e\u0627\u0634\u0650 \u2013 \u201cHem\u015fireler yataktad\u0131r.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Bu yap\u0131daki haber, konum veya yer bildirir ve her zaman mahallen merf\u00fbdur.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Uygulamal\u0131 \u00d6rnekler ve Al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmalar<\/span><\/p>\n

Dersin uygulama b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde, \u00f6\u011frenciler T\u00fcrk\u00e7e c\u00fcmleleri Arap\u00e7aya \u00e7evirerek al\u00e2 harf-i cerini do\u011fru bi\u00e7imde kullanmay\u0131 peki\u015ftirmi\u015ftir:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cKa\u011f\u0131tlar dosyan\u0131n \u00fczerindedir.\u201d \u2192 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064f \u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0645\u0650\u0644\u064e\u0641\u0651\u0650<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cKedi araban\u0131n \u00fczerindedir.\u201d \u2192 \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0642\u0650\u0637\u0651\u064f \u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064e\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0627\u0631\u064e\u0629\u0650<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cKu\u015flar dallar\u0131n \u00fczerindedir.\u201d \u2192 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0651\u064f\u064a\u064f\u0648\u0631\u064f \u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0623\u064e\u063a\u0652\u0635\u064e\u0627\u0646\u0650<\/span><\/p>\n

Bu \u00f6rneklerle, al\u00e2 harf-i cerinin yer bildiren anlam\u0131 ve irab etkisi uygulamal\u0131 bi\u00e7imde \u00f6\u011fretilmi\u015ftir.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Sonu\u00e7<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Ders sonunda \u00f6\u011frenciler \u015fu temel ilkeleri kavram\u0131\u015ft\u0131r:<\/span><\/p>\n

Harf-i cerler kendilerinden sonra gelen ismi mecr\u00fbr yapar.<\/span><\/p>\n

Al\u00e2 harf-i ceri, \u201c\u00fczerinde \/ \u00fcst\u00fcnde \/ -de \/ -da\u201d anlamlar\u0131n\u0131 verir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Harf-i cer ve mecr\u00fbr isim birlikte haber \u00f6gesi olu\u015fturur ve mahallen merf\u00fb kabul edilir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Al\u00e2\u2019dan sonra gelen isim, marife ise \u201calel\u201d, nekra ise \u201cal\u00e2\u201d olarak telaffuz edilir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bu ders, \u00f6\u011frencilerin Arap\u00e7a mek\u00e2n bildiren yap\u0131lar\u0131 do\u011fru anlamland\u0131rma ve kullanma becerilerini geli\u015ftirmi\u015f, ayn\u0131 zamanda \u015fibh-i c\u00fcmle haberlerin irab mant\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 peki\u015ftirmi\u015ftir.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Purpose and Overview<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

This lesson focuses on the Arabic preposition \u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0649 (\u2018al\u0101), one of the most commonly used \u1e25ur\u016bf al-jarr (prepositions). Following the study of the preposition \u0641\u0650\u064a (f\u012b) in the previous lesson\u2014which expresses \u201cbeing inside\u201d or \u201cwithin\u201d\u2014this session examines \u2018al\u0101, which conveys meanings such as \u201con,\u201d \u201cupon,\u201d \u201cover,\u201d or \u201catop.\u201d The primary objective is to teach students the syntactic and semantic functions of \u2018al\u0101, its effect on the case of the following noun, and its role in expressing positional or surface-based relationships in Arabic.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Main Themes<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

The Nature of Prepositions and Their Grammatical Impact<\/span><\/p>\n

Prepositions in Arabic do not carry complete meaning independently; their significance emerges through the nouns that follow them. Every preposition governs the genitive case (majr\u016br), changing the final vowel of the noun to kasrah (\u0640\u0650). The term jarr literally means \u201cto pull downward\u201d, reflecting this grammatical effect.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

The Meaning and Usage of \u2018Al\u0101 (\u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0649)<\/span><\/p>\n

The preposition \u2018al\u0101 primarily expresses the notion of position on a surface\u2014that is, physical contact or placement \u201con\u201d something:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0651\u064e\u0639\u064e\u0627\u0645\u064f \u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0645\u064e\u0627\u0626\u0650\u062f\u064e\u0629\u0650 \u2013 \u201cThe food is on the table.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u064f\u0642\u064f\u0648\u062f\u064f \u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0651\u064e\u0627\u0648\u0650\u0644\u064e\u0629\u0650 \u2013 \u201cThe money is on the desk.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u064f\u0643\u0651\u064e\u0627\u0628\u064f \u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u064e\u0635\u0650\u064a\u0641\u0650 \u2013 \u201cThe passengers are on the platform.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

In each example, the prepositional phrase (\u2018al\u0101 + noun) functions as a predicate (khabar) within a nominal sentence.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Phonetic Interaction with the Definite Article (Al-)<\/span><\/p>\n

When \u2018al\u0101 precedes a definite noun (with al-), it merges phonetically to form \u2018alal, as in \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0623\u064e\u0642\u0652\u0644\u064e\u0627\u0645\u064f \u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0645\u064e\u0643\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0628\u0650 \u2192 \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0623\u064e\u0642\u0652\u0644\u064e\u0627\u0645\u064f \u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0645\u064e\u0643\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0628\u0650 (\u201cThe pens are on the desk\u201d).<\/span><\/p>\n

When followed by an indefinite noun, it is pronounced with a longer vowel: \u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0649 \u0645\u064e\u0643\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0628\u064d \u2013 \u201con a desk.\u201d This phonetic shift distinguishes definiteness and indefiniteness in pronunciation and meaning.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

The Shibh al-Jumla Construction<\/span><\/p>\n

The phrase \u2018al\u0101 + majr\u016br noun forms a prepositional phrase (shibh al-jumla), which acts as the predicate in a nominal sentence. This type of predicate is syntactically raised (ma\u1e25allan marf\u016b\u2018) but shows no visible case marker.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0652\u0641\u064e\u0627\u0643\u0650\u0647\u064e\u0629\u064f \u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0651\u064e\u0628\u064e\u0642\u0650 \u2013 \u201cThe fruit is on the plate.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0652\u0645\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0627\u0628\u0650\u0633\u064f \u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064e\u0631\u0650\u064a\u0631\u0650 \u2013 \u201cThe clothes are on the bed.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0652\u0643\u064f\u062a\u064f\u0628\u064f \u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u064f\u0641\u064f\u0648\u0641\u0650 \u2013 \u201cThe books are on the shelves.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

These structures illustrate the fixed grammatical pattern of preposition + genitive noun functioning as the predicate.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Agreement Between Subject and Predicate<\/span><\/p>\n

In such shibh al-jumla constructions, no agreement in gender or number is required between the subject (mubtada\u2019) and the predicate.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0652\u0645\u064f\u0633\u0652\u0644\u0650\u0645\u064f\u0648\u0646\u064e \u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0645\u0650\u0646\u0652\u0628\u064e\u0631\u0650 \u2013 \u201cThe Muslims are on the pulpit.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0652\u0645\u064f\u0645\u064e\u0631\u0651\u0650\u0636\u064e\u0627\u062a\u064f \u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0641\u0650\u0631\u064e\u0627\u0634\u0650 \u2013 \u201cThe nurses are on the bed.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

The prepositional phrase remains grammatically stable regardless of the subject\u2019s form.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Applied Practice and Examples<\/span><\/p>\n

Students practiced translating Turkish sentences into Arabic using \u2018al\u0101 correctly:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cThe papers are on the file.\u201d \u2192 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064f \u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0645\u0650\u0644\u064e\u0641\u0651\u0650<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cThe cat is on the car.\u201d \u2192 \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0642\u0650\u0637\u0651\u064f \u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064e\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0627\u0631\u064e\u0629\u0650<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cThe birds are on the branches.\u201d \u2192 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0651\u064f\u064a\u064f\u0648\u0631\u064f \u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0652\u0623\u064e\u063a\u0652\u0635\u064e\u0627\u0646\u0650<\/span><\/p>\n

Through such exercises, they internalized both the semantic and grammatical properties of \u2018al\u0101.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Conclusion<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

By the end of the lesson, students concluded that:<\/span><\/p>\n

Every preposition makes the following noun genitive (majr\u016br).<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2018Al\u0101 conveys meanings of position, contact, or placement \u201con\u201d something.<\/span><\/p>\n

The phrase \u2018al\u0101 + noun functions as a predicate (khabar) and is syntactically raised (ma\u1e25allan marf\u016b\u2018).<\/span><\/p>\n

When followed by a definite noun, it is pronounced as \u2018alal; when followed by an indefinite noun, it retains \u2018al\u0101.<\/span><\/p>\n

Overall, the lesson deepened students\u2019 understanding of spatial expressions in Arabic and reinforced their grasp of how prepositions interact with the case system to create meaningful and grammatically coherent structures.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

ARAP\u00c7A I. SEV\u0130YE DERSLER\u0130 59. SEM\u0130NER \u00d6ZET\u0130   Seminerin Amac\u0131 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-7100","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7100","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7100"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7100\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7101,"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7100\/revisions\/7101"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7100"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}