{"id":8377,"date":"2025-11-30T19:09:50","date_gmt":"2025-11-30T16:09:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/?page_id=8377"},"modified":"2025-11-30T19:09:50","modified_gmt":"2025-11-30T16:09:50","slug":"omer-turker-ebu-hanife-el-fikhul-ekber-2-seminer-ozeti","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/omer-turker-ebu-hanife-el-fikhul-ekber-2-seminer-ozeti\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00d6MER T\u00dcRKER, EB\u00db HAN\u00ceFE, EL-FIKHU\u2019L-EKBER 2. SEM\u0130NER \u00d6ZET\u0130"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00d6MER T\u00dcRKER, EB\u00db HAN\u00ceFE, EL-FIKHU\u2019L-EKBER 2. SEM\u0130NER \u00d6ZET\u0130<\/strong><\/p>\n

Seminerin Amac\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bu seminerin amac\u0131, F\u0131khu\u2019l-Ekber\u2019in ikinci b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde ele al\u0131nan ilah\u00ee s\u0131fatlar, Allah\u2019\u0131n kel\u00e2m s\u0131fat\u0131n\u0131n mahiyeti, Kur\u2019an\u2019\u0131n yarat\u0131lmam\u0131\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131, kader\u2013kaza ili\u015fkisi, Levh-i Mahf\u00fbz\u2019un stat\u00fcs\u00fc, insan fiilleri, kesb, hidayet\u2013dalalet, ilah\u00ee fiillerde adalet ve hikmet gibi erken d\u00f6nem kel\u00e2m\u0131n en temel meselelerini \u00d6mer T\u00fcrker\u2019in analiziyle a\u00e7\u0131klamakt\u0131r. Seminer, Eb\u00fb Han\u00eefe\u2019nin bu tart\u0131\u015fmalarda nas\u0131l mutedil bir \u00e7izgi kurdu\u011funu ve S\u00fcnn\u00ee kel\u00e2m\u0131n omurgas\u0131n\u0131n nas\u0131l olu\u015ftu\u011funu ortaya koymay\u0131 ama\u00e7lar.<\/p>\n

Ana Temalar<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Allah\u2019\u0131n S\u0131fatlar\u0131 ve Z\u00e2t\u2013S\u0131fat Dengesi<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Eb\u00fb Han\u00eefe\u2019ye g\u00f6re Allah\u2019\u0131n s\u0131fatlar\u0131 ezel\u00eedir ve z\u00e2ta ne tamamen \u00f6zde\u015ftir ne de ondan ayr\u0131d\u0131r. Bu ili\u015fki \u201cbil\u00e2 keyf\u201d bir yak\u0131nl\u0131kt\u0131r. S\u0131fatlar\u0131n kabul\u00fc te\u015fbihe g\u00f6t\u00fcrmez; reddi ise tenzihi a\u015f\u0131r\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rarak Allah\u2019\u0131 mutlak bilinemez h\u00e2le getirir. S\u0131fatlar hem Allah\u2019\u0131n bilinmesini m\u00fcmk\u00fcn k\u0131lar hem de tenzih ilkesiyle birlikte d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. Kel\u00e2m S\u0131fat\u0131 ve Kur\u2019an\u2019\u0131n Kadimli\u011fi<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      Kel\u00e2m s\u0131fat\u0131 hakik\u00ee bir s\u0131fatt\u0131r ve harf\u2013ses de\u011fildir. Kur\u2019an\u2019\u0131n kendisi kadimdir; okunan ve yaz\u0131lan formlar ise mahl\u00fbktur. Bu ayr\u0131m, hem Mu\u2018tezile\u2019nin \u201cKur\u2019an mahl\u00fbktur\u201d iddias\u0131na hem de M\u00fccessime\u2019nin \u201claf\u0131z kadimdir\u201d iddias\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 S\u00fcnn\u00ee \u00e7izgiyi olu\u015fturur. Kel\u00e2m s\u0131fat\u0131n\u0131n reddi, Allah\u2019\u0131n konu\u015fan bir varl\u0131k olarak tasavvurunu ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n

        \n
      1. Levh-i Mahf\u00fbz, Kader ve \u0130lahi \u0130lim<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        Allah\u2019\u0131n ilminde bulunan \u015feyler Levh-i Mahf\u00fbz\u2019da yaz\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r ancak bu yaz\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcm de\u011fil vas\u0131ft\u0131r. \u0130lahi ilim, kullar\u0131n fiillerini zorunlu k\u0131lmaz; bilmek ba\u015fka, yaratmak ba\u015fkad\u0131r. Allah kulun yapaca\u011f\u0131 \u015feyi bilir fakat fiili kul se\u00e7er; Allah bu se\u00e7imi yarat\u0131r. B\u00f6ylece cebir ve yetkin \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck aras\u0131nda mutedil bir \u00e7izgi kurulur.<\/p>\n

          \n
        1. Kesb, \u0130nsan Fiilleri ve Sorumluluk<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          Fiilin yarat\u0131lmas\u0131 Allah\u2019a, y\u00f6neli\u015f ve tercihi insana aittir. \u0130nsanda kudret vard\u0131r fakat yarat\u0131c\u0131 kudret de\u011fildir. Kesb teorisi, Cebriyye\u2019nin cebrine ve Mu\u2018tezile\u2019nin tam fail insan fikrine kar\u015f\u0131 hem tevhidi hem sorumlulu\u011fu koruyan en dengeli yakla\u015f\u0131md\u0131r. \u0130nsan fiilleri ilah\u00ee yaratman\u0131n bir sonucu olsa da ahlaki sorumluluk ortadan kalkmaz.<\/p>\n

            \n
          1. Hidayet, Dalalet, Tevfik ve H\u0131zlan<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

            Hidayet Allah\u2019\u0131n kuldaki iman y\u00f6neli\u015fini yaratmas\u0131; dalalet ise tercihi k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fc\u011fe d\u00f6nen kuldan ilah\u00ee yard\u0131m\u0131n \u00e7ekilmesidir. Tevfik ilah\u00ee destek; h\u0131zlan ise Allah\u2019\u0131n yard\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 kesmesidir. K\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fck Allah\u2019tan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z bir g\u00fc\u00e7 de\u011fildir ancak kulun kendi iradesiyle tercih etti\u011fi bir y\u00f6neli\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

              \n
            1. Allah\u2019\u0131n Fiilleri, Hikmet ve Adalet<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

              Allah\u2019\u0131n fiilleri hikmetlidir fakat hikmetin tamam\u0131 kul taraf\u0131ndan kavranamaz. Sevap Allah\u2019\u0131n l\u00fctfu, ceza ise adaletidir. Allah\u2019\u0131n fiillerinin bir sebebe ba\u011fl\u0131 oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemek Allah\u2019\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rlamak olur; hi\u00e7bir fiili zorunlulukla yapmaz. Ancak fiillerinde abes yoktur; hepsi hakikate ve hikmete uygundur.<\/p>\n

                \n
              1. N\u00fcb\u00fcvvetin Zorunlulu\u011fu ve Peygamberli\u011fin Akli Temelleri<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                \u0130nsan akl\u0131 iman\u0131 bulsa bile dini ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 bilemez; bu nedenle n\u00fcb\u00fcvvet aklen gereklidir. Peygamberlik, Allah\u2019\u0131n kullar\u0131na y\u00f6nelik en b\u00fcy\u00fck l\u00fctuflar\u0131ndan biridir. Peygamberlerin ismeti, risaletin g\u00fcvenilirli\u011finin temelidir.<\/p>\n

                  \n
                1. Ahiret, \u015eefaat ve Sem\u2018iyyat<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                  Kabir hayat\u0131, ba\u2018s, ha\u015fir, mizan, s\u0131rat, \u015fefaat, cennet ve cehennem gibi sem\u2018iyy\u00e2t konular\u0131 hakt\u0131r. \u015eefaat \u00f6zellikle b\u00fcy\u00fck g\u00fcnah i\u015fleyen m\u00fcmine y\u00f6neliktir. Cennet ve cehennem \u015fu anda yarat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olup ebedidir.<\/p>\n

                  Sonu\u00e7<\/strong><\/p>\n

                  Bu seminerde \u00d6mer T\u00fcrker, F\u0131khu\u2019l-Ekber\u2019in ikinci b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn erken d\u00f6nem kel\u00e2m\u0131n ana omurgas\u0131n\u0131 nas\u0131l olu\u015fturdu\u011funu g\u00f6stermi\u015f; \u00f6zellikle Allah\u2019\u0131n s\u0131fatlar\u0131, kel\u00e2m s\u0131fat\u0131, kader\u2013ilim ili\u015fkisi, insan fiilleri, kesb, hidayet\u2013dalalet ve n\u00fcb\u00fcvvet konular\u0131nda Eb\u00fb Han\u00eefe\u2019nin dengeli ve sistem kurucu yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Metin, S\u00fcnn\u00ee akaidin sonraki rakipsiz temelini olu\u015fturan \u00e7er\u00e7eveyi en erken d\u00f6nemde ortaya koyan klasik bir \u00e7ekirdek metin olarak de\u011ferlendirilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

                   <\/p>\n

                  Purpose of the Seminar<\/strong><\/p>\n

                  The seminar examines the second part of Fiqh al-Akbar<\/em> as interpreted by \u00d6mer T\u00fcrker, focusing on divine attributes, the nature of God\u2019s speech, the uncreatedness of the Qur\u2019an, predestination, the Preserved Tablet, human actions, kasb, guidance and misguidance, prophetic mission, and eschatological matters.<\/p>\n

                  Main Themes<\/strong><\/p>\n

                    \n
                  1. Divine Attributes and the Essence\u2013Attribute Balance<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                    God\u2019s attributes are eternal and neither identical to nor separate from His essence. They allow humans to know God without falling into anthropomorphism or extreme negation.<\/p>\n

                      \n
                    1. The Attribute of Speech and the Uncreated Qur\u2019an<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                      Divine speech is an eternal attribute. The Qur\u2019an is uncreated, while recited and written forms are created. This distinction rejects both Mu\u2018tazilite and anthropomorphic extremes.<\/p>\n

                        \n
                      1. The Preserved Tablet, Divine Knowledge, and Decree<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                        God\u2019s knowledge does not impose necessity on human acts. What is written in the Preserved Tablet is descriptive, not coercive. Humans choose; God creates their chosen acts.<\/p>\n

                          \n
                        1. Kasb and Human Responsibility<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                          Kasb reconciles divine creation with human responsibility. Humans possess choice but not creative power.<\/p>\n

                            \n
                          1. Guidance, Misguidance, and Divine Assistance<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                            Guidance is God\u2019s creation of a servant\u2019s good inclination; misguidance occurs when divine assistance is withheld following human choice.<\/p>\n

                              \n
                            1. Divine Acts, Wisdom, and Justice<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                              Reward is grace; punishment is justice. God acts with wisdom, though humans may not grasp it fully.<\/p>\n

                                \n
                              1. Prophethood and Its Necessity<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                Prophethood is a divine mercy that provides knowledge beyond the reach of reason alone.<\/p>\n

                                  \n
                                1. Eschatology and Scriptural Reports<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                  Life in the grave, resurrection, intercession, and the eternity of Paradise and Hell are affirmed.<\/p>\n

                                  Conclusion<\/strong><\/p>\n

                                  The seminar shows that Fiqh al-Akbar<\/em> forms the doctrinal backbone of Sunni theology, presenting Ab\u016b \u1e24an\u012bfa\u2019s balanced stance on divine nature, human agency, and the unseen world\u2014an approach that shaped all later Sunni thought.<\/p>\n

                                   <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                                  \u00d6MER T\u00dcRKER, EB\u00db HAN\u00ceFE, EL-FIKHU\u2019L-EKBER 2. SEM\u0130NER \u00d6ZET\u0130 Seminerin Amac\u0131 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-8377","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/8377","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8377"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/8377\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8378,"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/8377\/revisions\/8378"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8377"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}