{"id":8421,"date":"2025-11-30T20:30:36","date_gmt":"2025-11-30T17:30:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/?page_id=8421"},"modified":"2025-11-30T20:30:36","modified_gmt":"2025-11-30T17:30:36","slug":"osman-demir-hasan-el-basri-risale-fil-kader-3-seminer-ozeti","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/osman-demir-hasan-el-basri-risale-fil-kader-3-seminer-ozeti\/","title":{"rendered":"OSMAN DEM\u0130R, HASAN EL-BASR\u00ce, R\u0130S\u00c2LE F\u0130\u2019L-KADER 3. SEM\u0130NER \u00d6ZET\u0130"},"content":{"rendered":"

OSMAN DEM\u0130R, HASAN EL-BASR\u00ce, R\u0130S\u00c2LE F\u0130\u2019L-KADER 3. SEM\u0130NER \u00d6ZET\u0130<\/strong><\/p>\n

Seminerin Amac\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bu seminerin amac\u0131, Hasan-\u0131 Basr\u00ee\u2019nin Kader Risalesi\u2019nin \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan \u201c\u00f6z\u00fcr\u201d, \u201cmazeret\u201d, \u201ckudretin yoklu\u011fu\u201d, \u201ctemyiz yetersizli\u011fi\u201d, \u201chakikat\u2013h\u00fck\u00fcm ayr\u0131m\u0131\u201d, \u201cfiilin bilgi ile ili\u015fkisi\u201d ve \u201ckulun sorumlu tutulmas\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131\u201d gibi konular\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamak; insan\u0131n sorumlulu\u011funu ortadan kald\u0131ran cebr\u00ee yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n neden ge\u00e7ersiz oldu\u011funu ve seminer boyunca verilen ahlak\u00ee\u2013teorik \u00e7er\u00e7evenin nas\u0131l kuruldu\u011funu ortaya koymakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Ana Tema: \u00d6z\u00fcr, Mazeret ve Sorumluluk<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \u00d6zr\u00fcn Tan\u0131m\u0131 ve Mazeretin S\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \u00d6mer T\u00fcrker\u2019in aktard\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re \u201c\u00f6z\u00fcr\u201d, ancak kulun fiili hakk\u0131nda ger\u00e7ek anlamda bilgiye sahip olmamas\u0131 durumunda ge\u00e7erlidir. Bir ki\u015finin davran\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 hi\u00e7 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmemesi, tinetsel bir eksiklikten kaynaklan\u0131yorsa \u00f6z\u00fcr de\u011fil \u201cay\u0131p\u201dt\u0131r. Bu nedenle \u00f6z\u00fcr ancak bilgi eksikli\u011fi veya \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7ilemez bir zorunluluk durumunda s\u00f6z konusu olabilir.<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. Zorlama, Kudret Yoklu\u011fu ve Sorumlulu\u011fun D\u00fc\u015fmesi<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      Ki\u015finin fiili tamamen elinden al\u0131nm\u0131\u015fsa ve kudreti ortadan kalkm\u0131\u015fsa sorumluluk d\u00fc\u015fer. Ancak kudretinin s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 olmas\u0131, tamamen yok olmas\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelmez. \u0130nsan bazen fail olmay\u0131 istemedi\u011fi h\u00e2lde fail k\u0131l\u0131n\u0131r; fakat bu, onun davran\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 \u00fczerinde hi\u00e7 tesiri olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelmez. Bu nedenle \u201ckudret\u201d kavram\u0131 kat\u0131 cebr\u00ee bir yoruma indirgenemez.<\/p>\n

        \n
      1. Fiilin Bilgi ile \u0130li\u015fkisi ve Temyizin Rol\u00fc<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        Ki\u015fi bir fiili i\u015flerken ne yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 biliyorsa, i\u00e7eri\u011fini ve sonucunu kavr\u0131yorsa sorumludur. Temyiz g\u00fcc\u00fc fiilin mahiyetini anlayabilecek seviyedeyse ki\u015fi mazeret beyan edemez. Fiilin bilgisizce yap\u0131lmas\u0131 ise ancak ger\u00e7ek bir fark\u0131nda olmama h\u00e2linde \u00f6z\u00fcr do\u011furur. Aksi h\u00e2lde bilgi eksikli\u011fi iddias\u0131 ge\u00e7ersizdir.<\/p>\n

          \n
        1. Hakikat ve H\u00fck\u00fcm Aras\u0131ndaki Ayr\u0131m<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          Her hakikatin h\u00fckm\u00fc ayn\u0131 de\u011fildir; baz\u0131 durumlarda fiilin hakikati kuldan sad\u0131r olur fakat h\u00fckm\u00fc de\u011fi\u015febilir. \u0130nsan baz\u0131 fiilleri istemeden i\u015fler ancak bu, fiilin ona ait olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelmez. Fiilin \u201chakikaten\u201d kuldan \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 ile \u201ch\u00fckmen\u201d ona nispet edilmesi aras\u0131nda derece farklar\u0131 vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

            \n
          1. Niha\u00ee Sorumluluk: \u0130nsan ve Ortam \u0130li\u015fkisi<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

            \u0130nsan bazen kendi tercih etmedi\u011fi bir \u00e7evrede bulunabilir; \u00f6rnekte verilen \u201ctamamen yozla\u015fm\u0131\u015f bir ortamda yeti\u015fen gen\u00e7\u201d gibi. Ancak ki\u015fi ortam\u0131n t\u00fcm etkilerine ra\u011fmen kendi kudretiyle y\u00f6neli\u015fini belirler. Bu y\u00fczden ki\u015finin yeti\u015fti\u011fi \u00e7evre baz\u0131 hafifletici unsurlar ta\u015f\u0131sa da sorumlulu\u011fu tamamen ortadan kald\u0131rmaz.<\/p>\n

            Sonu\u00e7<\/strong><\/p>\n

            Seminer, \u00f6zr\u00fcn yaln\u0131zca ger\u00e7ek bilgisizlik veya zorunluluk durumunda ge\u00e7erli oldu\u011funu; kudretin tamamen yoklu\u011funun sorumlulu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc fakat kudret-s\u0131n\u0131r fark\u0131n\u0131n cebr\u00ee yorumlara kap\u0131 a\u00e7mad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131; temyizin fiilin mahiyetini kavrama g\u00fcc\u00fc oldu\u011funu ve insan\u0131n ortam\u0131ndan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olmayan fakat b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcyle ortam taraf\u0131ndan belirlenmeyen bir varl\u0131k oldu\u011funu ortaya koymu\u015ftur. Hasan-\u0131 Basr\u00ee\u2019nin yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131, sorumlulu\u011fu ortadan kald\u0131ran cebr\u00ee yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 reddederken insan\u0131n kudret, temyiz ve y\u00f6neli\u015f \u00fczerinden de\u011ferlendirilmesi gerekti\u011fini vurgular.<\/p>\n

             <\/p>\n

            Purpose of the Seminar<\/strong><\/p>\n

            The seminar aims to explain how the third section of Hasan al-Basr\u012b\u2019s Treatise on Predestination approaches concepts such as excuse, incapacity, lack of discernment, the relation between act and knowledge, and the limits of human responsibility, clarifying why deterministic interpretations fail.<\/p>\n

            Main Theme: Excuse, Responsibility, and Human Capacity<\/strong><\/p>\n

              \n
            1. Definition of Excuse and Its Limits<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

              An excuse is valid only when the agent genuinely lacks knowledge of the act. If the failure arises from moral weakness rather than ignorance, it becomes blameworthy rather than excusable.<\/p>\n

                \n
              1. Coercion, Loss of Power, and the Fall of Responsibility<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                Responsibility disappears only when power is completely removed. Partial limitation does not negate agency. A person may become a reluctant agent, but this does not cancel the attribution of the act.<\/p>\n

                  \n
                1. The Relation Between Knowledge and Action<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                  If a person understands what they are doing, they are responsible. Discernment determines whether ignorance is genuine; only true unawareness produces an excuse.<\/p>\n

                    \n
                  1. Distinguishing Between Reality and Ruling<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                    The reality of an act may belong to a person even when the legal ruling varies. Some acts occur involuntarily, yet their attribution is not erased.<\/p>\n

                      \n
                    1. Responsibility in Relation to Environment<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                      External conditions may influence a person, but they do not erase moral agency. Even in corrupt environments, the individual shapes their choices through personal capacity.<\/p>\n

                      Conclusion<\/strong><\/p>\n

                      The seminar concludes that Hasan al-Basr\u012b grounds responsibility in human power, discernment, and intention. Excuses are narrowly defined, coercion must be absolute to remove responsibility, and deterministic interpretations contradict both moral and theological foundations.<\/p>\n

                       <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                      OSMAN DEM\u0130R, HASAN EL-BASR\u00ce, R\u0130S\u00c2LE F\u0130\u2019L-KADER 3. SEM\u0130NER \u00d6ZET\u0130 Seminerin […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-8421","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/8421","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8421"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/8421\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8422,"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/8421\/revisions\/8422"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8421"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}