{"id":8656,"date":"2025-12-01T22:18:20","date_gmt":"2025-12-01T19:18:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/?page_id=8656"},"modified":"2025-12-01T22:18:20","modified_gmt":"2025-12-01T19:18:20","slug":"harun-kuslukatibi-semsiyye-4-seminer-ozeti","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/harun-kuslukatibi-semsiyye-4-seminer-ozeti\/","title":{"rendered":"HARUN KU\u015eLU,K\u00c2T\u0130B\u00ce, \u015eEMS\u0130YYE 4. SEM\u0130NER \u00d6ZET\u0130"},"content":{"rendered":"

HARUN KU\u015eLU,K\u00c2T\u0130B\u00ce, \u015eEMS\u0130YYE 4. SEM\u0130NER \u00d6ZET\u0130<\/strong><\/p>\n

Dersin Amac\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bu dersin amac\u0131 kipli \u00f6nermelerin mahiyetini, modalite kavram\u0131n\u0131, modal durumlar\u0131n hiyerar\u015fisini, madde\u2013modalite ayr\u0131m\u0131n\u0131, z\u00e2t\u00ee ve vasf\u00ee \u00f6nermeler aras\u0131ndaki fark\u0131 ve \u0130bn S\u00een\u00e2 sonras\u0131 mant\u0131k\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n modaliteye dair geli\u015ftirdi\u011fi yap\u0131y\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Ana Temalar<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Madde ve Modalite Aras\u0131ndaki Ayr\u0131m\u0131n Temellendirilmesi<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Madde, konu ile y\u00fcklemin d\u0131\u015f d\u00fcnyadaki ili\u015fkisini ifade ederken; modalite bu ili\u015fkinin zihin taraf\u0131ndan nas\u0131l kavrand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterir. Ayn\u0131 madd\u00ee ili\u015fki zorunlu, m\u00fcmk\u00fcn veya mutlak gibi farkl\u0131 kiplerle ifade edilebilir. Bu nedenle madde ontik, modalite ise zihn\u00eedir. Bir \u00f6nerme maddeten zorunlu olabilir fakat modal olarak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn bi\u00e7imde dile getirilebilir. Bu ayr\u0131m \u0130bn S\u00een\u00e2\u2019n\u0131n mant\u0131k anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131nda temel bir yap\u0131sal ilke h\u00e2line gelmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. Modal Durumlar\u0131n Hiyerar\u015fik D\u00fczeni<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      Modal durumlar zorunluluk, s\u00fcreklilik, mutlakl\u0131k ve imk\u00e2n \u015feklinde bir hiyerar\u015fi olu\u015fturur. Zorunluluk en g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc modal durumdur; zorunlu olan ayn\u0131 zamanda s\u00fcrekli, mutlak ve m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. M\u00fcmk\u00fcn olan ise hi\u00e7bir \u015fekilde zorunluya veya s\u00fcreklili\u011fe d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015femez. Bu modal d\u00fczen metafizik tart\u0131\u015fmalarda varl\u0131k ve mahiyet ili\u015fkilerini a\u00e7\u0131klamak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

        \n
      1. Mutlakl\u0131k ve S\u00fcreklilik Kavramlar\u0131n\u0131n Yeniden \u0130n\u015fas\u0131<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        Aristoteles\u2019te mutlak kavram\u0131 i\u015flevsiz g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcrken, \u0130bn S\u00een\u00e2 mutlakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201cen az bir defa ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015f olan\u201d \u015feklinde tan\u0131mlayarak ona i\u015flev kazand\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. B\u00f6ylece mutlakl\u0131k ile s\u00fcreklilik aras\u0131nda ayr\u0131m ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar. S\u00fcreklilik kesintisiz devam eden bir h\u00fckm\u00fc ifade ederken; mutlakl\u0131k bir kez ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015f olmay\u0131 yeterli g\u00f6r\u00fcr. Bu ayr\u0131m mant\u0131\u011f\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra metafizik a\u00e7\u0131klamalar i\u00e7in de \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n

          \n
        1. Z\u00e2t\u00ee ve Vasf\u00ee \u00d6nerme Ayr\u0131m\u0131<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          Z\u00e2t\u00ee \u00f6nermelerde h\u00fck\u00fcm do\u011frudan zat \u00fczerine kurulurken; vasf\u00ee \u00f6nermelerde h\u00fck\u00fcm zattan kaynaklanmayan bir vasfa y\u00f6neliktir. \u201c\u0130nsan canl\u0131d\u0131r\u201d z\u00e2t\u00ee iken, \u201cK\u00e2tip yaz\u0131 yazar\u201d vasf\u00eedir. Vasf\u00ee \u00f6nermelerde h\u00fckm\u00fcn ge\u00e7erlili\u011fi vasf\u0131n devam\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. R\u00e2z\u00ee ve T\u00fbs\u00ee, \u0130bn S\u00een\u00e2\u2019n\u0131n s\u00fcreklilik ve mutlakl\u0131k kavramlar\u0131n\u0131 vasf\u00ee \u00f6nermelere uygulayarak modal mant\u0131\u011f\u0131 derinle\u015ftirmi\u015ftir. B\u00f6ylece klasik mant\u0131kta kipli \u00f6nermelerin yap\u0131s\u0131 daha incelikli bir h\u00e2l alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

          Sonu\u00e7<\/strong><\/p>\n

          Bu derste kipli \u00f6nermelerin temel unsurlar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klanm\u0131\u015f, madde\u2013modalite ayr\u0131m\u0131, modal durumlar\u0131n hiyerar\u015fisi, mutlakl\u0131k ve s\u00fcreklilik aras\u0131ndaki fark ile z\u00e2t\u00ee ve vasf\u00ee \u00f6nermelerin mahiyeti ortaya konmu\u015ftur. B\u00f6ylece \u0130bn S\u00een\u00e2 sonras\u0131 mant\u0131k gelene\u011finde modalitenin nas\u0131l sistematik bir yap\u0131ya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fc anla\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

           <\/p>\n

          Purpose of the Lesson<\/strong><\/p>\n

          The purpose of this lesson is to explain the nature of modal propositions, the concept of modality, the hierarchy of modal states, the distinction between matter and modality, the difference between essential and accidental propositions, and the development of modal logic in the post-Avicennian tradition.<\/p>\n

          Main Themes<\/strong><\/p>\n

            \n
          1. Establishing the Distinction Between Matter and Modality<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

            Matter expresses the external relation between subject and predicate, while modality expresses how the mind apprehends this relation. The same material relation can be expressed as necessary, possible, or absolute. Thus matter is ontic, whereas modality is mental. A proposition may be materially necessary but modally expressed as possible. This distinction is fundamental in Avicennian logic.<\/p>\n

              \n
            1. The Hierarchical Order of Modal States<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

              Modal states form a hierarchy: necessity, continuity, absolute actuality, and possibility. Necessity is the strongest state; whatever is necessary is also continuous, actual, and possible. What is possible cannot become necessary or continuous. This hierarchy is used to analyze metaphysical relations between essence and existence.<\/p>\n

                \n
              1. The Reconstruction of Absolute and Continuous Predication<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                Aristotle\u2019s notion of absolute predication was limited, but Ibn S\u012bn\u0101 redefined absolute as \u201chaving occurred at least once.\u201d This makes it functionally distinct from continuity, which refers to an uninterruptedly occurring judgment. These concepts are significant for both logical and metaphysical explanation.<\/p>\n

                  \n
                1. The Distinction Between Essential and Accidental Propositions<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                  In essential propositions the predicate is attributed directly to the essence, while in accidental propositions it is attributed to a non-essential feature. The truth of an accidental proposition depends on the persistence of the relevant feature. R\u0101z\u012b and \u1e6c\u016bs\u012b expanded Avicenna\u2019s modal distinctions by applying them to accidental propositions, giving modal logic a more complex structure.<\/p>\n

                  Conclusion<\/strong><\/p>\n

                  This lesson clarified the structure of modal propositions, the distinction between matter and modality, the hierarchy of modal states, the difference between absolute and continuous predication, and the essential\u2013accidental distinction. It demonstrated how modal logic acquired a systematic form in the post-Avicennian tradition.<\/p>\n

                   <\/p>\n

                   <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                  HARUN KU\u015eLU,K\u00c2T\u0130B\u00ce, \u015eEMS\u0130YYE 4. SEM\u0130NER \u00d6ZET\u0130 Dersin Amac\u0131 Bu dersin […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-8656","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/8656","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8656"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/8656\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8657,"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/8656\/revisions\/8657"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/klasikdusunceokulu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8656"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}